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This work proposes efficient modeling paradigms based on automatic layout, and presents a prototype in the KIELER framework supporting multiple UML modeling tools through layout services and structure-based 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Reinhard von Hanxleden  \nReal-Time and Embedded Systems Group, Department of Computer Science Christian-Albrechts-Universitt zu Kiel, Germany  \nfhaf,msp,mim,[rvh](rvhg@informatik.uni-kiel.de)[g](rvhg@informatik.uni-kiel.de)[@informatik.uni-kiel.de](rvhg@informatik.uni-kiel.de)  \nAbstract—Graphical modeling languages, as defined in the UML, are appealing in their relative ease of comprehension. A well-structured model can provide a compact representation of complex designs. However, the development of graphical models is still hampered by modeling tools that force the user to perform low-level graphical editing steps, instead of focusing on the underlying model. We here propose novel, efficient modeling paradigms that build on an automatic layout capability, and present a prototypical implementation in the KIELER framework that supports a range of UML modeling tools.  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nModel-based engineering has gained an important role for the development of embedded systems. Graphical models are appealing and help to provide a common base for experts from different domains, especially if standardized like the UML. The graphical aspect aims at introducing intuitive language semantics and better displaying an abstraction of a system. A two-dimensional canvas gives more freedom to clearly present a view on a system than the one-dimensional textual representation, either in a low-level programming language or a high-level specification scheme. However, such freedoms demand new design decisions from the developer, who now has to spend effort into the graphical representation in order to reap its benefits. Petre quotes a professional developer as follows: “I quite often spend an hour or two just moving boxes and wires around, with no change in functionality, to make it that much more comprehensible when I come back toit” [1] . One estimate from industrial users puts the time spent with unproductive editing/formatting activities at about 30% of overall developing time 1.  \nIn this paper we present a generic approach on interaction mechanisms that allow to create, edit, and analyze graphical models without the hassle of manual layouting of diagrams. In Sec. II we discuss the context of this work and related work. The first step is to completely automate the layouting task in the development environment, and to offer a layout of such quality that the developer is willing to dispense with manual placing. We implement an open layout interface to the Eclipse platform, link existing layout libraries and implement or adapt algorithms. This is presented in Sec. III. The nextstep is to consistently build upon the layout services and create new interaction paradigms. As one example of such,  \n1L. K. Klauske (Daimler Center for Automotive IT Innovations), personal communication, Oct. 2009.  \nwe present structure-based editing in Sec. IV in the context of UML editors in Eclipse. This editing scheme is based on structural transformations on the domain model, which arespecified using a textual notation. In Sec. V we conclude and give an outlook on future work in this area.  \nII. RELATED WORK  \nThe KIEL project [2] evaluated the usage of automatic layout and structure-based editing in the context of Statecharts. It provided a platform for exploring layout alternatives and has been used for cognitive experiments evaluating established and novel modeling paradigms. However, it was rather limited in its scope and applicability, hence it has been succeeded by the KIELER project, the Kiel Integrated Environment for Layout Eclipse Rich Client2 , which is the context of the work presented here. KIELER aims at enhancing the pragmatics of graphical modeling, i. e. the way to interact with graphical models [3], and implements generic approaches applicable fora wide variety of graphical model types, including different UML diagrams. KIELER integrat","cbCaik2j19kcwayd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaik2j19kcwayd","pdf",2408138,"English","# Introduction\n# Related Work\n## KIEL and KIELER Projects\n## Model Transformations\n## Graph Layout Algorithms and Tools","[{\"question\":\"Why do UML modeling tools still hinder developers despite UML’s usability?\",\"answer\":\"Because many tools force users to perform low-level graphical editing steps, including manual placement and formatting, instead of focusing on the underlying model.\"},{\"question\":\"What main idea does the paper propose to improve UML diagram development?\",\"answer\":\"It proposes automatic layout and interaction mechanisms that enable creating, editing, and analyzing graphical models without manual layouting.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the KIELER framework support the proposed approach?\",\"answer\":\"KIELER integrates into Eclipse, links layout libraries, implements or adapts algorithms, and builds new interaction paradigms such as structure-based editing in UML editors.\"}]","Automatic Layout and Structure-Based Editing of UML Diagrams - Paper | PDF",15]