[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-501696-105":59,"doc-detail-501696-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","automatic-closed-captions-and-immersive-learning-in-higher-education-february-2020","Automatic Closed Captions and Immersive Learning in Higher Education - February 2020","","Captions provide a text version of speech and sound in audio-visual media, improving access for people who cannot hear audio. In higher education, captioned video lectures support students who are D/deaf or hard of hearing, while also benefiting diverse learning styles, older learners, and those facing environmental or technology barriers such as noise, connectivity, or equipment limits. The report evaluates an Echo360-funded approach using automatic speech recognition to expand accurate captions and promote immersive online learning.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/automatic-closed-captions-and-immersive-learning-in-higher-education-february-2020/501696/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/automatic-closed-captions-and-immersive-learning-in-higher-education-february-2020/501696.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"AfterMidnight","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are closed captions in the context of the report?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Closed captions are the text version of speech and sound in audio-visual media, typically superimposed at the bottom of the screen to provide access when audio cannot be heard.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Who benefits from captioned video lectures in higher education?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Students who are D/deaf or hard of hearing benefit directly, and additional groups benefit too, including learners with diverse learning styles, older students, and those who struggle with online video access due to noise or technology issues like connectivity or equipment.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does Echo360 relate to captioning in immersive learning?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The report describes an Echo360 active learning system that uses accurate automatic speech recognition software to broaden the availability of captions and support online immersive learning.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},501696,1791422960,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090896061,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Automatic Closed Captions and  \nImmersive Learning in Higher Education  \nKatie Ellis, Kai-Ti Kao and Mike Kent  \nFebruary 2020  \nAutomatic Closed Captions and Immersive Learning in Higher Education  \nAuthored by Katie Ellis, Kai-Ti Kao and Mike Kent Published in 2020  \nThe Centre for Culture and Technology Curtin University Website: [https://ccat.curtin.edu.au](https://ccat.curtin.edu.au)  \nEmail: [Katie.ellis@curtin.edu.au](Katie.ellis@curtin.edu.au)  \nTelephone: +61 8 9266 2509  \nTable of contents  \nTable of contents ......................................................................................... ii  \nFigures and Tables...................................................................................... iii  \nAcknowledgements .................................................................................... iv  \nExecutive summary ..................................................................................... v  \nIntroduction ................................................................................................. 1  \nBackground and historical context of captions ............................................... 1  \nBenefits of captions for diverse student groups.............................................. 3  \nProvision of captions to promote immersive learning ..................................... 5  \nMethodology ................................................................................................ 6  \nLiterature review ......................................................................................... 8  \nBenefits of captioned online lectures for the broader student population ......... 8  \nAccuracy of automatic speech recognition in online lectures ........................... 9  \nScoping study of international standards ................................................ 12  \nDefinitions of caption accuracy ................................................................... 12  \nIndustry, advocacy group and educational interpretation of caption accuracy 13  \nCaptioning online lectures using Echo360 .................................................... 17  \nResults of interviews................................................................................. 19  \nCurrent use of captions in online lectures .................................................... 20  \nPotential benefits of captions in online lectures............................................ 23  \nExpectations regarding caption accuracy in online lectures........................... 23  \nImpacts of in/accurate captions in online lectures ........................................ 24  \nConclusions ................................................................................................ 29  \nRecommendations ..................................................................................... 31  \nAuthors....................................................................................................... 32  \nAppendix 1 ................................................................................................. 33  \nAppendix 2 ................................................................................................. 34  \nReferences ................................................................................................. 35  \nFigures and Tables  \nFigure 1. Changing expectations about captions since the 1960s ....................... 2  \nFigure 2. Equality versus equity....................................................................... 5  \nTable 1. Advertised accuracy of automatic captioning ..................................... 16  \nTable 2. Rating of the two sample online lecture clips ..................................... 25  \nAcknowledgements  \nThe research was funded by Echo360 via their 2019 Echo360 research grant. Preliminary research was funded by Curtin University’s Teaching and Learning Centre and the School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry.  \nColleagues at Curtin University in the","cbCaijFMR6VbqZW8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijFMR6VbqZW8","pdf",626802,44,"English","# Executive summary\n# Introduction\n## Background and historical context of captions\n## Benefits of captions for diverse student groups\n## Provision of captions to promote immersive learning\n# Methodology\n# Literature review\n## Benefits of captioned online lectures for the broader student population\n## Accuracy of automatic speech recognition in online lectures\n## Scoping study of international standards\n## Definitions of caption accuracy\n## Industry, advocacy group and educational interpretation of caption accuracy\n# Results of interviews\n## Current use of captions in online lectures\n## Potential benefits of captions in online lectures\n## Expectations regarding caption accuracy in online lectures\n## Impacts of in/accurate captions in online lectures\n# Conclusions\n# Recommendations\n# References","[{\"question\":\"What are closed captions in the context of the report?\",\"answer\":\"Closed captions are the text version of speech and sound in audio-visual media, typically superimposed at the bottom of the screen to provide access when audio cannot be heard.\"},{\"question\":\"Who benefits from captioned video lectures in higher education?\",\"answer\":\"Students who are D/deaf or hard of hearing benefit directly, and additional groups benefit too, including learners with diverse learning styles, older students, and those who struggle with online video access due to noise or technology issues like connectivity or equipment.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Echo360 relate to captioning in immersive learning?\",\"answer\":\"The report describes an Echo360 active learning system that uses accurate automatic speech recognition software to broaden the availability of captions and support online immersive learning.\"}]","Automatic Closed Captions and Immersive Learning in Higher Education - February 2020 | PDF",1791023066,111]