[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-595357-105":59,"doc-detail-595357-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","australian-universities-review-borderless-education-and-teaching-and-learning-cultures-the-case-of-hong-kong","Australian Universities’ Review - Borderless Education and Teaching and Learning Cultures, The Case of Hong Kong","","This paper investigates how Australian universities can retain their competitiveness by aligning overseas students’ perceptions of educational quality with their education goals and expectations. It argues that even courses designed for Australian students, though demonstrably high quality, may not be recognized as such by overseas learners. Hong Kong teaching and learning research informs how students use memory for understanding and how teachers are highly student-centred, shaping learning experiences through guidance and careful coordination.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/australian-universities-review-borderless-education-and-teaching-and-learning-cultures-the-case-of-hong-kong/595357/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/australian-universities-review-borderless-education-and-teaching-and-learning-cultures-the-case-of-hong-kong/595357.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Blitz","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What problem does the paper address regarding Australian universities and overseas students?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It addresses how overseas students judge the quality of education in ways that may differ from Australian expectations, especially under global competitive pressures.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the research describe students’ learning processes in Hong Kong?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Learners are described as using memory as one step toward understanding, rather than treating memory as an end in itself.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does the paper connect teaching-and-learning cultures to distance and online education?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It argues that qualities seen in on-campus teaching also extend to distance education and online teaching, though acceptance may vary for practical social reasons.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},595357,1792162005,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},24464137899374,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","A U S T R A L I A N U N I V E R S I T I E S ’ R E V I E W  \nBorderless education and teaching and learning cultures: The case of Hong Kong  \nMAVIS E . KELLY AND TAK SHING HA  \nAbstract  \nIn the context of the need for Australian universities to retain their place in an increasingly competitive global environment, this paper examines the issues surrounding the quality of education offered to overseas students from the perspective of their educational goals and expectations of effective teaching and learning environments. It is argued that courses designed for Australian students, even though they are of demonstrably high quality, will not necessarily be viewed in this way by these students. Research on teaching and learning in the context of Hong Kong is used as the basis for an exploration of how on-campus teachers and learners view their educational experience. Contrary to Western stereotypes of Asian learners as rote learners and teachers as harsh authoritarian figures, the research points to learners as using memory as one step in the process of understanding ratherthan as an endin itself. Teachers reveal themselves as highly student-centred, as helping and guiding their students, while carefully orchestrating the learning experience of all students. It is argued that these qualities extend to provision of distance education in Hong Kong and to online teaching as well, though forpractical social reasons the latter is likely to find greater acceptance in on-campus education than in the Open University which caters mainly for adult students.  \nIntroduction  \nRecent advances in communications technology, and deregulation of financial markets, have enabled global imperatives to take on a new and altogether more powerful meaning. In common with other sectors of Australian society, higher education is faced with the implications of globalisation, and in particular, increased competition for local and international students arising from the possibility of further market deregulation.  \nThe response of the Australian Government to global pressures has been to move towards economic rationalism in the spirit of a free market economy. To date, the response of many, if not all, Australian universities  \ncaught up in politically motivated demands to rationalise their activities has been to seek funding elsewhere, mainly through enrolment of full-fee paying overseas students with the competition among universities that this implies. In an attempt to further boost overseas enrolments and the income which this generates, some institutions have also taken initiatives in offering their courses to overseas students by distance education.  \nHowever, to remain viable in offering Australian education in the global marketplace, universities will need to find ways of providing an educational experience to overseas students that is not only of high quality in Australian terms, but also in terms of the educational expectations of potential students in a range of countries. Central to the question of what constitutes a quality education in another culture is the issue of what educational goals students and teachers espouse and what they perceive as the attributes of a high quality university education. How can we as educational providers understand and cater for the perspectives of those cultures which may be recipients of our education?  \nThis discussion will focus on the issue of the culture of teaching and learning, using research conducted in Hong Kong as a case study, since Hong Kong (and more recently China) are seen as large potential markets for Australian higher education. Even though borderless education is increasingly viewed as being synonymous with online education at a distance, we would argue that understanding the values and practices of students and teachers in more traditional forms of education in their social and educational contexts is central to the development of distance education and ultimately to effective online teaching ac","cbCainrAN3GpQIg3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainrAN3GpQIg3","pdf",199414,"English","# Introduction\n## Borderless education and globalisation pressures\n## Research focus and case study rationale\n# Goals and perceptions of effective teaching and learning\n## Stereotypes of Asian learners\n# Synthesis across on-campus and online teaching","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the paper address regarding Australian universities and overseas students?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses how overseas students judge the quality of education in ways that may differ from Australian expectations, especially under global competitive pressures.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the research describe students’ learning processes in Hong Kong?\",\"answer\":\"Learners are described as using memory as one step toward understanding, rather than treating memory as an end in itself.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper connect teaching-and-learning cultures to distance and online education?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that qualities seen in on-campus teaching also extend to distance education and online teaching, though acceptance may vary for practical social reasons.\"}]","Australian Universities’ Review - Borderless Education and Teaching and Learning Cultures, The Case of Hong Kong | PDF",1792080977]