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Participants were not considered disadvantaged based on socio-economic status, school type, or family background. Findings support the view that some students are “casualties of their schooling,” with poorer long-term high school performance linked to weak student-teacher relationships and reduced academic engagement. Implications for pedagogy in tertiary bridging programs are discussed.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/australian-journal-of-teacher-education-casualties-of-schooling-18-to-22-year-old-students-in-a-tertiary-bridging-program/594390/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/australian-journal-of-teacher-education-casualties-of-schooling-18-to-22-year-old-students-in-a-tertiary-bridging-program/594390.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aldword","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What factors were investigated in the tertiary bridging program questionnaire?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Demographics, social context, academic engagement, and students’ ability to cope with curriculum complexity were examined in relation to academic success and tertiary readiness.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why were participants not treated as a disadvantaged group in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study reports that socio-economic status, attendance at private/public schools, and whether students were first in their family to attend university did not indicate disadvantage.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What explanation does the study support for poor long-term academic performance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study supports that some students are casualties of schooling, with poor long-term high school performance associated with weak student-teacher relationships and poorer academic engagement.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},594390,1792192714,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336478940917,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Australian Journal of Teacher Education  \nCasualties of Schooling? 18 to 22 Year Old Students in a Tertiary Bridging  \nProgram  \nRobert Whannell  \nBill Allen  \nKathy Lynch  \nUniversity of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland  \nAbstract: A sample of 81 students between the ages of 18 and 22 years in a tertiary bridging program at a regional university completed a questionnaire examining how demographics, social context, academic engagement and the ability to cope with the curriculum complexity influenced academic success in high school and adversely affected their preparedness for tertiary study. The demographics of the study participants, including socio-economic status, private/public school attendance and first in family to attend university were such that the study participants could not be considered to be members of a disadvantaged group. The study supports the hypothesis that a number of the study participants are casualties of their schooling and their poor long term academic performance at high school occurred due to poor student-teacher relationships with associated poor academic engagement. The implications for educational pedagogy for educators in tertiary bridging programs  \nare discussed.  \nIntroduction  \nThe use of tertiary bridging programs for non-traditional students to gain access to, or better prepare for, tertiary study is becoming more popular in the Australian tertiary education sector. This study examined one cohort of 18 to 22 year old students in a tertiary bridging program that was conducted at a regional university in Queensland. The program is accessed by individuals who are either, not academically qualified to attend university, or who wish to develop their skills prior to commencing tertiary study. The bridging program commenced in second semester 2006 with an enrolment of 66. The semester 2 2009 enrolment was 295. Historically, 50% of the students who have attended the program were aged between 18 and 22 years of age with only 10% of the 18 to 22 year old students possessing the academic qualifications necessary to be accepted for undergraduate study atthe institution where the study was conducted. In the cohort that was the subject of this study, 21% possessed a tertiary entrance ranking from secondary school in Queensland, with 11.1% having a rank which would enable them to gain access to a general undergraduate degree at the institution where the bridging program is conducted. The modal age for students entering the bridging program is 18 years of age. These statistics indicate that many students who have not succeeded in traditional schooling have been motivated to continue their education at the tertiary level within a very short period of time after leaving secondary school and after a long term history of poor academic performance.  \nThe aims of the research were to ascertain the factors from a student’s background which contributed to the low levels of academic achievement demonstrated in secondary school. The research is significant as this bridging program is a recent innovation within the university and no research had been completed at the university in relation to this group of  \nVol 35, 5, August 2010 1  \nAustralian Journal of Teacher Education  \nnon-traditional tertiary students and their particular educational requirements. The research is also timely on the wider tertiary scene in Australia as a recent review of Australian higher education (Bradley, Noonan, Nugent, & Scales, 2008) recommended that by the year 2020 40% of Australians between 25 and 34 years of age should possess at least a bachelor level qualification. Non-traditional students such as those who are the subject of this study will provide one possible approach to meeting this goal.  \nLiterature Review  \nIntroduction  \nThe approach taken in the study was to examine whether the lack of academic performance by the target group was associated with a common demographic feature, such as low socio-economic status, or whether on","cbCaiq6OGXdp5arU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq6OGXdp5arU","pdf",3536296,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Literature Review\n## Staged cognitive development","[{\"question\":\"What factors were investigated in the tertiary bridging program questionnaire?\",\"answer\":\"Demographics, social context, academic engagement, and students’ ability to cope with curriculum complexity were examined in relation to academic success and tertiary readiness.\"},{\"question\":\"Why were participants not treated as a disadvantaged group in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study reports that socio-economic status, attendance at private/public schools, and whether students were first in their family to attend university did not indicate disadvantage.\"},{\"question\":\"What explanation does the study support for poor long-term academic performance?\",\"answer\":\"The study supports that some students are casualties of schooling, with poor long-term high school performance associated with weak student-teacher relationships and poorer academic engagement.\"}]","Australian Journal of Teacher Education - Casualties of Schooling? 18 to 22 Year Old Students in a Tertiary Bridging Program | PDF",1792079070,43]