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IVW estimates causal effects, with Cochran’s Q, MR Egger, leave-one-out, and MR Steiger sensitivity analyses. Results suggest no causal relationship with 15 cancers except a marginal increase in cervical cancer risk.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/association-between-multiple-sclerosis-and-cancer-risk-a-two-sample-mendelian-randomization-study/333230/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/association-between-multiple-sclerosis-and-cancer-risk-a-two-sample-mendelian-randomization-study/333230.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Finn","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What question does the study address about multiple sclerosis and cancer?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It investigates whether multiple sclerosis has a causal association with the risk of cancers and seeks evidence relevant to cancer prevention.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Which MR method and data sources are used?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The study applies a two-sample Mendelian randomization design, using MS-related SNPs from IMSGC GWAS and SNPs for 15 cancer types from UK Biobank GWAS, with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the main analysis.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What do the sensitivity analyses evaluate and what do they conclude?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Sensitivity analyses assess heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and potential reverse causation using Cochran’s Q-test, MR Egger intercept, leave-one-out, and MR Steiger methods. The study reports robust results with no heterogeneity, no pleiotropy, and no reverse causation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},333230,1790143893,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":113,"preview_page_count":4},34359740700684,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487","PLOS ONE  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nCitation: Liu Z, Fan T, Mo X, Kan J, Zhang B (2024) Association between multiple sclerosis and cancer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. PLoS ONE 19(3): e0298271 . [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.1371/journal.pone](10.1371/journal.pone).0298271  \nEditor: Rodney John Scott, University of Newcastle, AUSTRALIA  \nReceived: July 10, 2023  \nAccepted: January 22, 2024  \nPublished: March 19, 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.  \nData Availability Statement: The data presented in this study are available in article and Supplementary Material. Publicly available GWAS data on cancers and multiple sclerosis were obtained from the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit OpenGWAS project ([https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/](https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/), accessed on 20 December 2023) .  \nFunding: This study was supported by the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (202206080012 to B.Z.) and China postdoctoral science foundation (2022M723682 to  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE  \nAssociation between multiple sclerosis and cancer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study  \nZeyu Liu☯, Teng Fan☯, Xiaoyan Mo, Jun Kan, Bei Zhang *  \nVIP Inpatient Department, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.  \nR. China  \n☯ These authors contributed equally to this work.  \n* [zhangbei@sysucc.org.cn](zhangbei@sysucc.org.cn)  \nAbstract  \nMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-related disease and the relationship between MS and cancer has raised attention. Previous studies of the relationship between MS and cancer have reached conflicting conclusions. In this study, the two-sample MR method is used to investigate whether MS has a causal correlation with cancers and offer scientific evidence for cancer prevention. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to MS were obtained from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (IMSGC) and SNPs related to 15 types of cancers were obtained from the GWASs based on UK Biobank. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was mainly used to assess causal effects. Sensitivity analyses were conducted with Cochran’s Q-test, MR Egger intercept, leave-one-out test, and MR Steiger method. IVW analysis showed that MS was only associated with a marginal increased risk of cervical cancer (OR 1.0004, 95% CI 1.0002–1.0007, p = 0.0003) . Sensitivity analyses showed that the results of MR analysis were robust and found no heterogeneity, no pleiotropy, and no reverse causation. In conclusion, this study finds no causal relationship between MS and 15 types of cancers except cervical cancer.  \n1. Introduction  \nMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system demyelinating disease, originating from complex gene-environment interactions and characterized by the accumulation of demyelinating lesions in the white matter and the grey matter of the brain and spinal cord [ 1] . Selfreactive lymph cell, largely CD4+ T cells, plays significant roles in the MS autoimmune inflammatory chaos [2] . The onset of MS is associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Familial MS cases constitute 12.6% of all MS patients, and the incidence of MS in monozygotic twins (up to 30%[3]) is significantly higher than that in dizygotic twins [4], underscoring the genetic predispositon. Recent research has identified multiple genetic loci related to MS susceptibility [5] . Meanwhile, environmental factors such as viral infections [6], smoking [7], and sunlight [8] may also have a role in the onset of MS.  \nT.F.) . The funders had no role in stu","cbCaim8fM43A0UN9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaim8fM43A0UN9","pdf",1900404,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Study overview and motivation\n## Mendelian randomization approach","[{\"question\":\"What question does the study address about multiple sclerosis and cancer?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates whether multiple sclerosis has a causal association with the risk of cancers and seeks evidence relevant to cancer prevention.\"},{\"question\":\"Which MR method and data sources are used?\",\"answer\":\"The study applies a two-sample Mendelian randomization design, using MS-related SNPs from IMSGC GWAS and SNPs for 15 cancer types from UK Biobank GWAS, with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the main analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the sensitivity analyses evaluate and what do they conclude?\",\"answer\":\"Sensitivity analyses assess heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and potential reverse causation using Cochran’s Q-test, MR Egger intercept, leave-one-out, and MR Steiger methods. The study reports robust results with no heterogeneity, no pleiotropy, and no reverse causation.\"}]","Association between multiple sclerosis and cancer risk - A two-sample Mendelian randomization study | PDF",1790001563]