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A prospective cohort study included over 500,000 UK Biobank participants aged 40–69 years, selecting those ≥50 years without AMD at baseline. Handgrip strength was measured with a dynamometer; AMD incidence over 13 years was analyzed using Cox proportional-hazard models and mediation models to test inflammatory and erythrocyte-related biomarkers. Lowest-quintile handgrip showed higher AMD risk (HR 1.25). Inflammation- and erythrocyte-related biomarkers partially mediated the association (37.5%), suggesting systemic proinflammatory factors.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/association-between-low-handgrip-strength-and-the-increased-risk-of-age-related-macular-degeneration-research-findings-from-a-uk-biobank-cohort-study/450287/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/association-between-low-handgrip-strength-and-the-increased-risk-of-age-related-macular-degeneration-research-findings-from-a-uk-biobank-cohort-study/450287.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"River Wang","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-01","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s primary objective?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine whether handgrip strength is associated with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was handgrip strength measured and what was the outcome?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and the primary outcome was incident age-related macular degeneration during 13 years of follow-up.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the results show about low handgrip strength and AMD risk?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Participants in the lowest handgrip quintile had higher AMD incidence risk (hazard ratio 1.25) and each 5 kg decrease in handgrip was associated with increased risk (hazard ratio 1.06).",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"Which biological pathway was explored to explain the association?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Mediation models evaluated inflammatory and erythrocyte-related biomarkers, showing partial mediation of the AMD incidence (37.5%) and implicating systemic proinflammatory factors.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},450287,1790876226,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149},1099514067438,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539ee87300030?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780474512215547542","Aging Clinical and Experimental Research (2026) 38:16  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-025-03208-z](https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-025-03208-z)  \nRESEARCH  \nAssociation between low handgrip strength and the increased risk of age-related macular degeneration: results from UK biobank cohort study  \nShuoyang Wang1,2,3 · Yu Hong1,2,3 · Yanlin Qu1,2,3 · Kairong Zheng1,2,3 · Huihuan Luo4 · Renjie Chen4 · Huixun Jia1,2,3,4 · Xinxin Liu1,2,3 · Xiaodong Sun1,2,3  \nReceived: 7 December 2024 / Revised: 5 August 2025 / Accepted: 9 September 2025 © The Author(s) 2025  \nAbstract  \nObjectives To determine whether handgrip strength is associated with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration. Methods A prospective cohort study of over 500 thousand UK Biobank participants aged 40–69 years. Individuals ≥ 50 years and without age-related macular degeneration at baseline were included. Exposure was the handgrip strength measured by dynamometer. Primary outcome was the incidence of age-related macular degeneration during 13 years of follow-up. Cox proportional-hazard models were fitted to estimate the risk effect for handgrip strength on age-related macular degeneration, and stratified for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Mediation models were regressed to explore underlying mechanisms driven by inflammatory and erythrocyte-related biomarkers.  \nResults 382174 eligible participants in the UK Biobank were included. After 4680431 person-year, 7987 individuals (2.09%) developed age-related macular degeneration. Individuals in the lowest quintile of handgrip strength had higher risk of agerelated macular degeneration incidence (Hazard Ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.16–1.35) compared with those in the highest quintile. Per 5 kg decrement in handgrip strength was associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration incidence (Hazard Ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.08) with similar trend among all subgroups except for sex. Specific inflammatory and erythrocyte-related biomarkers partially (37.5%) mediated the incidence of age-related macular degeneration as substantial biological mechanisms following handgrip strength decrease.  \nConclusions Our findings suggest that handgrip strength is associated with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration under the mediation of systemic proinflammatory factors. The current study holds an outlook for improved visual health over the evaluation and intervention of muscle strength in old-age population.  \nKeywords Age-related macular degeneration · Handgrip strength · Prospective cohort study · Risk factor · Biomarker · UK biobank  \nShuoyang Wang and Yu Hong contributed equally as co-first authors.  \n􀀍 Xinxin Liu [htuliuxinxin@163.com](htuliuxinxin@163.com)  \n􀀍 Xiaodong Sun[xdsun@sjtu.edu.cn](xdsun@sjtu.edu.cn)  \n1 Present address: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200080, China  \n2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China  \n3 National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China  \n4 School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China  \nIntroduction  \nDue to a global trend of increased longevity, the challenge of maintaining eye health among the expanding aging population has become more critical. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a predominant eye disease affecting the high-acuity central vision of seniors [1], which not only impairs the independence and quality of life, but also imposes significant economic and socio-psychological burdens on affected individuals [2, 3] . Hence, AMD is considered a major threat to the visual health of the elderly, which highlights the necessity for enhanced understanding and prediction of this common disease.  \n1 3  \nHandgrip strength (HGS) is tightly related to overall health during midlife and late adulthood [4] . Evidence from previous studies underscored HGS as a potent indicator for ri","cbCaig4RE4NxQlqt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig4RE4NxQlqt","pdf",1321994,11,"English","# Abstract\n## Objectives\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n# Methods","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s primary objective?\",\"answer\":\"To determine whether handgrip strength is associated with the incidence of age-related macular degeneration.\"},{\"question\":\"How was handgrip strength measured and what was the outcome?\",\"answer\":\"Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and the primary outcome was incident age-related macular degeneration during 13 years of follow-up.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about low handgrip strength and AMD risk?\",\"answer\":\"Participants in the lowest handgrip quintile had higher AMD incidence risk (hazard ratio 1.25) and each 5 kg decrease in handgrip was associated with increased risk (hazard ratio 1.06).\"},{\"question\":\"Which biological pathway was explored to explain the association?\",\"answer\":\"Mediation models evaluated inflammatory and erythrocyte-related biomarkers, showing partial mediation of the AMD incidence (37.5%) and implicating systemic proinflammatory factors.\"}]","Association between low handgrip strength and the increased risk of age-related macular degeneration - Research findings from a UK Biobank cohort study | PDF",1790732762,28]