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It provides guidance grounded in research and organized into actionable recommendations, including systematic instruction, teaching clear mathematical language, using well-chosen representations, leveraging number lines, deliberate instruction on word problems, and regularly incorporating timed activities to build fluency. The guide also includes a glossary and appendices, and includes a public-domain citation standard.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/assisting-students-struggling-with-mathematics-intervention-in-the-elementary-grades-educators-practice-guide-wwc-2021006/534746/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/assisting-students-struggling-with-mathematics-intervention-in-the-elementary-grades-educators-practice-guide-wwc-2021006/534746.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ophelia","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-12","2026-10-10",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",16,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does the guide focus on for students struggling with mathematics?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The guide focuses on intervention strategies for students who struggle with mathematics in elementary grades, aiming to improve understanding and application of mathematical ideas.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What teaching approach is emphasized in Recommendation 1?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Recommendation 1 emphasizes providing systematic instruction during intervention to develop students’ understanding of mathematical ideas.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which recommendation helps students improve fluency in mathematics?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Recommendation 6 recommends regularly including timed activities as a way to build students’ fluency in mathematics.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},534746,1791919198,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},7971461741311,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826","What Works Clearinghouse™  \nAssisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades  \nEducator’s Practice Guide  \nWWC 2021006  \nU.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION  \nA publication of the National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance (NCEE) atIES  \nAssisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades  \nMarch 2021  \nPANEL  \nLynn S. Fuchs (Chair) Vanderbilt University  \nNicole Bucka  \nBridging Research, Implementation, & Data to Guide Educators in Rhode Island (Bridge-RI)  \nBen Clarke  \nUniversity of Oregon  \nBarbara Dougherty  \nCurriculum Research & Development Group, University of Hawai’i  \nNancy C. Jordan  \nUniversity of Delaware  \nKaren S. Karp  \nJohns Hopkins University  \nJohn Woodward  \nUniversity of Puget Sound  \nSTAFF  \nMadhaviJayanthi Russell Gersten  \nRebecca Newman-Gonchar Robin Schumacher  \nKelly Haymond  \nInstructional Research Group  \nJulia Lyskawa Betsy Keating Seth Morgan  \nMathematica  \nPROJECT OFFICER  \nJonathan Jacobson  \nInstitute of Education Sciences  \nWWC 2021006  \nU.S. Department of Education  \nThis report was prepared for the National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Institute of Education Sciences, under the What Works Clearinghouse contract to Instructional Research Group (Contract 91990018A0006/91990018F0375) .  \nDISCLAIMER  \nThe opinions and positions expressed in this practice guide are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions and positions ofthe Institute of Education Sciences or the U.S. Department of Education. This practice guide should be reviewed and applied according to the specific needs of the educators and education agency using it, and with full realization that it represents the judgments ofthe review panel regarding what constitutes sensible practice, based on the research that was available at the time of publication. This practice guide should be used as a tool to assist in decision making rather than as a “cookbook.” Any references within the document to specific education products are illustrative and do not imply endorsement of these products to the exclusion of other products that are not referenced.  \nU.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION  \nMiguel A. Cardona Secretary  \nINSTITUTE OF EDUCATION SCIENCES  \nMark Schneider Director  \nNATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION EVALUATION AND REGIONAL ASSISTANCE  \nMatthew Soldner Commissioner  \nMARCH 2021  \nThis report is in the public domain. Although permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be as follows:  \nFuchs, L.S., Newman-Gonchar, R., Schumacher, R., Dougherty, B., Bucka, N., Karp, K.S., Woodward, J., Clarke, B., Jordan, N. C., Gersten, R., Jayanthi, M., Keating, B., and Morgan, S. (2021). Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades (WWC 2021006) . Washington, DC: National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance (NCEE), Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved from [http://whatworks.ed.gov/](http://whatworks.ed.gov/.)[.](http://whatworks.ed.gov/.)  \nThis report is available on the IES website at [http://whatworks.ed.gov/](http://whatworks.ed.gov/.)[.](http://whatworks.ed.gov/.)  \nALTERNATE FORMATS  \nOn request, this publication can be made available in alternate formats, such as Braille, large print, or CD. For more information, contact the Alternate Format Center at (202) 260-0852 or (202) 260-0818.  \nTable of Contents  \nContents  \nIntroduction to Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades ................................................................................................................1  \nRecommendation 1: Systematic Instruction..................................................................................... 5  \nProvide systematic instruction during intervention to develop student understanding of mathematical ideas.............................","cbCaiqI897aYVVC2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqI897aYVVC2","pdf",2034019,165,"English","# Introduction to Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics: Intervention in the Elementary Grades\n# Recommendation 1: Systematic Instruction\n# Recommendation 2: Mathematical Language\n# Recommendation 3: Representations\n# Recommendation 4: Number Lines\n# Recommendation 5: Word Problems\n# Recommendation 6: Timed Activities\n# Glossary\n# Appendix A: Postscript from the Institute of Education Sciences","[{\"question\":\"What does the guide focus on for students struggling with mathematics?\",\"answer\":\"The guide focuses on intervention strategies for students who struggle with mathematics in elementary grades, aiming to improve understanding and application of mathematical ideas.\"},{\"question\":\"What teaching approach is emphasized in Recommendation 1?\",\"answer\":\"Recommendation 1 emphasizes providing systematic instruction during intervention to develop students’ understanding of mathematical ideas.\"},{\"question\":\"Which recommendation helps students improve fluency in mathematics?\",\"answer\":\"Recommendation 6 recommends regularly including timed activities as a way to build students’ fluency in mathematics.\"}]","Assisting Students Struggling with Mathematics - Intervention in the Elementary Grades - Educator’s Practice Guide - WWC 2021006 | PDF",1791598973,416]