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Students in grades 3 to 5 from the Islamabad sector formed the population and a multistage sampling method selected participants. A self-constructed criterion-referenced test measured outcomes, and descriptive statistics analyzed results. Findings showed significant grade-wise differences, with grade 5 generally performing best.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/assessment-of-primary-school-students-critical-thinking-skills-developed-through-curriculum-paper/506309/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/assessment-of-primary-school-students-critical-thinking-skills-developed-through-curriculum-paper/506309.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Damian","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-05",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study analyzes the extent to which intended critical thinking skills are developed in students through the curriculum.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Who are the study participants?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Male and female students from grades 3 to 5 in primary schools administered by the Federal Directorate of Education, specifically in the Islamabad sector.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How were students' critical thinking skills assessed?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study used a self-constructed criterion-referenced test and applied descriptive statistics to analyze students' test data.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},506309,1791445773,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},137451208677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Open Access    \n\n| | Assessment of Primary School Students' Critical Thinking Skills Developed Through Curriculum |\n| --- | --- |\n| Misbah Muzaffar 1 Zarina Akhtar 2 |  |\n| Abstract: This study was conducted on primary school students enrolled at primary schools under the administration of the federal Directorate of Education. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the extent to which intended critical thinking skill was developed in students. The objective of the study was to assess the student's critical thinking skills that had been developed through the curriculum. Male and female students from grade 3 to grade 5 were the population of the study. Data was collected from the students at primary schools administered by the Federal Directorate of Education. Primary-level students from the Islamabad sector comprised the study population. A multistage sampling technique was used to select samples for the study. Under descriptive research, this was cross-sectional research. Self-constructed criterion-referenced test was developed for students. Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze students' test data. The study concluded that there were significant differences in skill across grades 3, 4, and 5, with Grade 5 generally outperforming the others. This study emphasizes aligning assessments with curriculum outcomes, providing teachers with rubrics and professional development on skills-based assessments, and integrating technology to effectively assess 21st-century skills. |  |\n| Key Words: Assessment Skill, Critical Thinking Skill, Curriculum, Primary School Students, Education |  |\n\nIntroduction  \nCritical thinking is the mental ability to learn things, make decisions, and offer unique solutions to problems. According to Paul (2017), it is the organized way of human thinking. Critical thinking has 2000 a 2000-year history when Socrates worked on learning through dialogue. Dewy called critical thinking as reflective ability in his book “How We Think”. However, psychometric techniques are used globally for measuring critical thinking. Sarigoz (2012) investigated the critical thinking skills of students of primary and secondary level.  \nHe concluded that students at the secondary level have better critical thinking skills than students atthe primary level (Hu et al. , 2016). According to Abrami et al. (2008), critical thinking is important for an individual's life. He argued that one cannot argue with asses and make decisions without critical thinking skills (Abrami et al. , 2015). Edward Glaser is considered the father of critical thinking. Edward argued that critical thinking skills are essential skills in a progressive society as critical thinkers can logically think arguments and can reform societies. Literature on critical thinking skills is divided into three areas: education, psychology, and philosophy. These three areas have defined critical thinking from different perspectives. The psychological area stresses the expertise of skills and dispositions in multiple areas. It focuses on analysis, interpretation, logical thinking, and assessment skills (Gelder, 2005) . Psychological areas focus on the process of critical thinking. Paul and Elder (  2007) asserted that the philosophical area focuses on the personal qualities of individuals rather than outer behavior. It focuses on the rules of knowledge that are involved in the critical thinking process. Bailin and Siegel (  2003) argued that critical thinking is not fixed and specific but varies according to subject areas. In the educational area, Benjamin Bloom has contributed a lot to critical thinking.  \n1 Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Federal College of Education , Islamabad Pakistan.  \n2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Education, International Islamic University , Islamabad Pakistan. [Email:](Email: Zarina.akhtar@iiu.edu.pk)[ ](Email: Zarina.akhtar@iiu.edu.pk)[Zarina.akhtar@iiu.edu.pk](Email: Zarina.akhtar@iiu.edu.pk)  \nBlooms offers a comprehen","cbCaidaEiuifeetD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidaEiuifeetD","pdf",152762,"English","# Introduction\n## Critical thinking background and definitions\n## Literature on critical thinking skills\n## Study framing and theoretical basis","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study analyzes the extent to which intended critical thinking skills are developed in students through the curriculum.\"},{\"question\":\"Who are the study participants?\",\"answer\":\"Male and female students from grades 3 to 5 in primary schools administered by the Federal Directorate of Education, specifically in the Islamabad sector.\"},{\"question\":\"How were students' critical thinking skills assessed?\",\"answer\":\"The study used a self-constructed criterion-referenced test and applied descriptive statistics to analyze students' test data.\"}]","Assessment of Primary School Students' Critical Thinking Skills Developed Through Curriculum - Paper | PDF",1791162558,15]