[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-83905-en":3,"doc-seo-83905-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},83905,8796095461610,"Oliver","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","ASSEMCAD Production-Ready CAD Assembly Generation from Natural Language","ASSEMCAD提出一种基于公理化（axiom-grounded）的框架，用于从自然语言生成可投入生产的CAD机械装配体。相较于仅输出可执行的单一零件代码，装配体需要跨多组件的协同推理，包括功能接口、装配关系、工程原则与物理一致性。该方法先构建可解释、可复用且可验证的装配规格（typed parts、几何端口、可执行mates与工程公理），再通过端口与mate库实现确定性装配变换，并用具体B-Rep几何证据验证接口。进一步提供可按需合成参数化组件工厂与确定性验证流程，检查接口有效性、碰撞一致性、图连通性、自由度约束与工程规则合规性，并生成可读验证报告。实验表明，在ASSEMBENCH上相对代码中心基线显著提升装配保持与物理有效性，并能跨不同基础模型骨干泛化。","arXiv :2607 .05 123v 1 [ cs .AI] 6 Jul 2026  \nASSEMCAD: Production-Ready CAD Assembly Generation from Natural Language  \nYurui Dong 1 ,2∗ , Shu Zou 1 ,4 ,∗ , Siqi Li 1 ,5 , Nianchen Deng 1 , Hongbin Zhou 1 , Xuemeng Yang 1 , Pinlong Cai 1 , Licheng Wen 1 ,3 , Xinyu Cai 1†, Botian Shi 1 ,3  \n1 Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, 2 Fudan University, 3 Shanghai Innovation Institute  \n4 The Australian National University, 5 Zhejiang University  \n∗ Equal Contribution, † Corresponding Author  \nRecent advances in large language models and programmatic CAD have significantly improved Text-toCAD generation for individual parts. However, production-ready mechanical assembly generation remains largely unsolved. Unlike single-part modeling, assemblies require coordinated reasoning over multiple components, functional interfaces, assembly relations, engineering principles, and physical consistency. Consequently, directly generating executable CAD code is insufficient for constructing mechanically valid and reusable assemblies.  \nWe present ASSEMCAD, an axiom-grounded framework for production-ready CAD assembly generation from natural language. Instead of representing an assembly as monolithic CAD code, ASSEMCAD first constructs an axiomatic Assembly Specification consisting of typed parts, geometry-backed ports, executable mates, and engineering axioms. Each assembly relation is explicitly grounded in one or more engineering principles, making the resulting specification interpretable, reusable, and verifiable. To realize this specification, ASSEMCAD introduces a port-and mate-based CAD assembly library that executes symbolic assembly relations through deterministic mate transformations and validates declared interfaces using concrete B-Rep geometric evidence.  \nBuilt on this representation and library, ASSEMCAD further supports on-demand synthesis of reusable parametric component factories for both standard and open-world geometries. A deterministic verification pipeline then checks interface validity, clash consistency, graph connectivity, degree-of-freedom constraints, and engineering-rule compliance, producing production-ready CAD assemblies together with interpretable verification reports. Experiments on ASSEMBENCH show that ASSEMCAD substantially improves assembly preservation and physical validity over code-centric CAD generation baselines, while generalizing across different foundation-model backbones. By combining axiom-grounded assembly reasoning with deterministic geometric execution, ASSEMCAD extends Text-to-CAD from isolated part generation toward production-ready mechanical assembly design.  \n Date: July 7, 2026  \nFigure 1: Representative production-ready CAD assemblies generated directly from natural language. ASSEMCAD generates mechanically executable assemblies with valid assembly structures and articulated joints, rather than merely static CAD geometry.  \n1 Introduction  \nComputer-aided design (CAD) [1] models are fundamental to modern engineering workflows, supporting downstream applications such as manufacturing, simulation, and assembly planning. While traditional CAD systems rely on interactive commercial software (e.g., SolidWorks) [2, 3, 4], where design intent is implicitly encoded in GUI operations and feature histories, programmatic CAD frameworks such as CadQuery and OpenSCAD [5, 6] provide explicit, parametric, and editable representations that naturally support procedural modeling and automated reasoning [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12] . Combined with recent advances in large language models (LLMs), substantial progress has been made in generating executable CAD models from natural language and visual inputs. Representative methods such as Text2CAD [13], PointCloud2CAD [14], and Cadrille [15] demonstrate strong capabilities for text-to-CAD, image-to-CAD, and multimodal CAD generation, while frontier code-centric foundation models (e.g., Claude and Codex [16, 17, 18, 19, 20]) further enable zero-shot executable ","cbCain1kLzakbPYM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCain1kLzakbPYM","pdf",16215585,6,1,26,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Problem overview\n## Challenges in assembly generation\n## Pipeline perspective","[{\"question\":\"为什么直接生成可执行CAD代码不足以得到生产级装配体？\",\"answer\":\"装配体不仅要有可执行代码，还必须保证组件有效、装配关系正确、装配配置一致，并满足物理可实现的接口与无干涉结构。仅依赖代码生成仍可能产生上述错误。\"},{\"question\":\"ASSEMCAD如何把装配体表示为可验证的结构？\",\"answer\":\"它先构建公理化的Assembly Specification，包括类型化零件、基于几何的端口、可执行的mates以及工程公理。每条装配关系都显式落到一个或多个工程原则上，从而提高可解释性、可复用性与可验证性。\"},{\"question\":\"装配体的接口与物理正确性如何被验证？\",\"answer\":\"ASSEMCAD使用端口与mate为主的装配库通过确定性的mate变换执行符号装配关系，并用具体的B-Rep几何证据验证声明的接口。随后还进行确定性验证流程，检查接口有效性、碰撞一致性、图连通性、自由度约束以及工程规则合规性。\"}]",1784191357,66,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"assemcad-production-ready-cad-assembly-generation-from-natural-language","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/assemcad-production-ready-cad-assembly-generation-from-natural-language/83905/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-27","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"为什么直接生成可执行CAD代码不足以得到生产级装配体？","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"装配体不仅要有可执行代码，还必须保证组件有效、装配关系正确、装配配置一致，并满足物理可实现的接口与无干涉结构。仅依赖代码生成仍可能产生上述错误。","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"ASSEMCAD如何把装配体表示为可验证的结构？",{"text":81,"@type":77},"它先构建公理化的Assembly Specification，包括类型化零件、基于几何的端口、可执行的mates以及工程公理。每条装配关系都显式落到一个或多个工程原则上，从而提高可解释性、可复用性与可验证性。",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"装配体的接口与物理正确性如何被验证？",{"text":85,"@type":77},"ASSEMCAD使用端口与mate为主的装配库通过确定性的mate变换执行符号装配关系，并用具体的B-Rep几何证据验证声明的接口。随后还进行确定性验证流程，检查接口有效性、碰撞一致性、图连通性、自由度约束以及工程规则合规性。","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,102,106,111,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]