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It explains concepts such as academic vocabulary, argument and persuasive writing, audience awareness, bias, claims and positions, evidence and credibility, and the structure of essays including introduction, body, paragraphs, and conclusions. 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You should assume that the reader has limited knowledge of the topic, so explain all ideas completely and clearly. |\n| background/prior knowledge | Background knowledge is the information that is needed to understand a topic or situation. |\n| bias | When writers show their bias, they describe something positively because they like it, or negatively because they dislike it, instead of describing it fairly and letting the readers decide. |\n| body | The body of an essay is the middle section that contains one or more paragraphs; it provides support for the claim with appropriate evidence and reasoning. |\n| claim | A claim is a position or statement on a topic, an opinion with which others might disagree. |\n| clarity | Clarity means that your ideas are written clearly and are easily understood by others. |\n| cohesion | Cohesion means that you have presented your ideas in a way that shows how they relate. When your writing is cohesive, it is clear how each idea connects to your argument. |\n| conclusion | The conclusion is the last paragraph of an essay; it restates the claim and leaves the reader your final thoughts about the topic. |\n| counterargument | The counterargument is the opposing side to an argument or position on an issue. |\n| counterclaim | A counterclaim is reasoning or support that is in direct opposition to a claim. |\n| credible/credibility | A source's credibility is what makes it believable, or the reasons why the reader should trust this source as telling the truth. |\n| development | Developing your ideas means that you explain them completely, offering evidence and reasoning to support each point. |\n| evidence | Evidence is a statement of truth that confirms your ideas, like a statistic, fact, quotation from a source, or other supporting example. |\n| figurative language | Figurative language is when a writer uses words or expressions that are not meant to be understood literally. |\n\nArgumentative  \nAcademic Vocabulary List  \n\n| Terms | Definitions |\n| --- | --- |\n| formal | Formal writing means that you speak to the reader in an academic way, using the third-person point of view, vocabulary specific to the topic, and a serious tone. |\n| hook | A hook is an interesting statement about the topic made at the start of an essay in order to grab the reader's attention. |\n| imagery/sensory language | Imagery and sensory language are the use of descriptions that appeal to the reader's senses in order to create vivid experiences through the text. |\n| informal | Informal writing is the way you speak to your friends; it is casual and conversational, and not appropriate for academic writing. |\n| introduction | The introduction is the first paragraph of an essay; it provides background information about the topic and focuses the reader's attention on the claim that the rest of the essay will support. |\n| literal language | Literal language is when the words a writer uses mean exactly what they say. |\n| main idea | The main idea means the main point or most important thought about something. |\n| metaphor | A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two typically unlike things, without the use of linking phrases. |\n| mood | The mood of a story is the atmosphere or feeling the author creates, through descriptions of the setting and characters and the pacing of events. |\n| narrator | The narrator is the character who is telling the story; the narrator's knowledge of events can be limited or all-knowing. |\n| objective | Writing that is objec","cbCairb9vJXvlibT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairb9vJXvlibT","pdf",89304,"English","# Academic Vocabulary Terms\n## Argument, Audience, and Claims\n## Essay Structure and Writing Style\n## Evidence, Reasoning, and Clarity\n## Figurative Language and Perspective","[{\"question\":\"What does an argument in academic writing involve?\",\"answer\":\"An argument (or argumentative essay) tries to persuade the reader to agree with the writer's claim by using evidence and reasoning to support it.\"},{\"question\":\"How do audience and background/prior knowledge affect an essay?\",\"answer\":\"The audience is anyone who reads the essay, so ideas must be explained completely and clearly. Background/prior knowledge is the information needed to understand the topic or situation.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the difference between a claim and a counterclaim?\",\"answer\":\"A claim is a position or statement on a topic that others might disagree with. A counterclaim provides reasoning or support directly opposing that claim.\"}]","Argumentative Academic Vocabulary List | PDF",1790582795]