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It focuses on correlating cultural groupings with physical geography, outlining three major environmental regions: the Andean mountainous fringe, the forested lowlands of the Orinoco and Amazon watersheds, and the open-country belt to the east and south. It also discusses the limitations of available somatological data and introduces supporting linguistic and cultural lines of evidence.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/areal-and-temporal-aspects-of-aboriginal-south-american-culture/427599/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/areal-and-temporal-aspects-of-aboriginal-south-american-culture/427599.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mimi","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To present a bird’s-eye view of aboriginal cultural distribution and sequence in South America, using an areal and temporal framework for organizing complex factual data.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the paper divide South America for its physical-environment analysis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It divides South America into three major regions: the Andean mountainous western fringe, the forested lowlands of the north/northeast/center, and the open-country belt of the east and south.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why is the somatological evidence considered limited?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Data on living races in southern America are described as very incomplete, with only a few scattered areas approaching adequacy and many large regions—especially much of the Amazonian forested area—lacking almost 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\nQuarterly Bulletin  \nof the  \nCatholic Anthropological Conference  \n\n| Vol.XV   | January and April,1942   | Nos.1 and 2   |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n# AREAL AND TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF ABORIGINALSOUTH AMERICAN CULTURE\n\nJoHn M.CooPER  \nThe Catholic University of America  \n# Introduction\n\nPhysical Environment  \n1.The Andean Region  \n2.The Forested Lowlands  \n3.The Open-Country Belt  \nSomatology  \nLinguistic Stocks  \n# Culture\n\n## A.Areal Distribution\n\n1.Marginal Culture  \n2.Silval Culture  \n3.Sierral Culture  \n## B.Diffusion and Temporal Sequence\n\n1.European and Negro Diffusion:Post-Columbian  \n2.Aboriginal Diffusion and Sequence:Since circa 1000 A.D.  \na.Diffusion Within and From Sierral Culture  \nb.Diffusion Within and From Silval Culture  \n3.Aboriginal Diffusion and Sequence:Before circa 1000 A.D.  \na.Sierral versus Silval and Marginal  \nb.Silval versus Marginal  \n(1)Cultural Evidence(a)South American(b)Pan-American  \n(2)Somatological Evidence  \n(3)Geographical Evidence  \n4.The Question of Old World Influence  \nSummary  \nTentative Prehistorical Reconstruction  \n# INTRODUCTION\n\n个HE purpose of the present paper is to give a bird's-eye-view1 of aboriginal cultural distribution and sequence in SouthAmerica.The Vest Indies and southern Middle America fromthe Isthmus to about central Honduras are included,since theyhave a cultural link more to South America than to NorthAmerica.The paper has been written,not for seasoned special-ists in South American anthropology,but for non-specialists,toset up an areal and temporal framework into which the enorm-ously complex factual data can be provisionally fitted and to offera first-aid guide to the anthropological literature of the continent.No attempt has been made,of course,to include an adequate listof the innumerable first-hand sources.Good bibliographies ofthese may be found in Nordenskiöld,especially 1920,Krickeberg,1922,IV.Schmidt,1913,Izikowitz,1935,Gillin,1940.  \nFor a better understanding of cultural distribution and se-quence in South America,a few of the more pertinent data uponphysical environment and racial and linguistic divisions arepremised.  \n# PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT²\n\nGeographically Pan-America may be looked upon as a quasi-peninsula jutting out from the extreme northeast tip of the Afro-Eurasiatic land mass wlich we assume to be the birthplace of thehuman race.Thus of the larger areas of the world,South Amer-ica is farthest removed from man's primal home,the mostisolated,and probably the latest to be inhabited.  \nSouth America may,for our present purpose,be divided intothree major regions:(1)the mountainous western fringe,withits flanking coastal plains,and,east thereof,(2)the forestedlowlands of the north,northeast and center of the continent,and  \n(3)the more or less open country of the east and south.With  \nthese three areas coincides fairly well the distribution of the threemajor cultural groupings of the continent,—a correlation to whichwe shall return later.  \n1.The Andean Region.The Andean Cordillera lifts its peaks,ranges and plateaus,paralleling the coast,from Panama to itsdip beneath the ocean at Cape Horn.Toward the Pacific it isflanked over most of its extent by a narrow strip of lowland:tropical rain forest down to about Payta(5°S.Lat.),in extremenorthern Peru;the Peruvian-Chilean coastal desert thence about1600 miles to near La Serena(30°S.Lat.),Chile;dry forest andtemperate rain forest from La Serena to the Magellanic archi-pelago.  \n2.The Forested Lowlands.The forested lowlands of theOrinoco and Amazon watersheds,lying east of the northern halfof the Cordillera,form a vast roughly quadrangular area.Thenorthwestern and southwestern sides of this quadrangle areformed by the Andes;the northeastern,by the Atlantic coast linefrom central Venezuela to about 400 miles beyond the mouth ofthe Amazon;the southeastern,","cbCaikUromSYNed0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikUromSYNed0","pdf",1994557,44,"English","# Introduction\n## Physical Environment\n### The Andean Region\n### The Forested Lowlands\n### The Open-Country Belt\n# Somatology\n# Linguistic Stocks\n# Culture\n## A. Areal Distribution\n## B. Diffusion and Temporal Sequence","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the paper?\",\"answer\":\"To present a bird’s-eye view of aboriginal cultural distribution and sequence in South America, using an areal and temporal framework for organizing complex factual data.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper divide South America for its physical-environment analysis?\",\"answer\":\"It divides South America into three major regions: the Andean mountainous western fringe, the forested lowlands of the north/northeast/center, and the open-country belt of the east and south.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the somatological evidence considered limited?\",\"answer\":\"Data on living races in southern America are described as very incomplete, with only a few scattered areas approaching adequacy and many large regions—especially much of the Amazonian forested area—lacking almost entirely.\"}]","AREAL AND TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF ABORIGINAL SOUTH AMERICAN CULTURE | PDF",1790644312,111]