[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-140763-105":59,"doc-detail-140763-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","aquila-a-unified-low-latency-fabric-for-datacenter-networks","Aquila - A unified, low-latency fabric for datacenter networks","","Datacenter workloads increasingly require ultra-low latency communication for resource disaggregation and for newer programming models, exposing limits in predictability and isolation within multi-tenant Layer 2 networks. Aquila presents an experimental datacenter network fabric designed around ultra-low latency as a first-class goal, supporting traditional datacenter traffic. It introduces the Layer 2 cell-based GNet protocol, an integrated switch, and a custom ASIC with low-latency Remote Memory Access (RMA) capabilities co-designed with GNet, achieving stringent tail-latency and fast RMA execution.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/aquila-a-unified-low-latency-fabric-for-datacenter-networks/140763/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/aquila-a-unified-low-latency-fabric-for-datacenter-networks/140763.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Caleb Sterling","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-15","2026-08-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does Aquila target in datacenter networking?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Aquila targets the lack of performance predictability and isolation in multi-tenant datacenter networks, which limits innovation in tightly coupled distributed workloads.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What components make up Aquila’s network fabric?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Aquila uses the GNet Layer 2 cell-based protocol, an integrated switch, and a custom ASIC with low-latency Remote Memory Access (RMA) capabilities co-designed with GNet.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What performance results does the document report for Aquila?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Aquila achieves under 40 µs tail RTT for IP traffic and sub-10 µs RMA execution time across hundreds of hosts, even with background throughput-oriented IP traffic.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},140763,1787612760,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},962084925290,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Aquila: A unified, low-latency fabric for datacenter networks  \nDan Gibson, Hema Hariharan, Eric Lance, Moray McLaren, Behnam Montazeri, Arjun Singh, Stephen Wang, Hassan M. G. Wassel, Zhehua Wu, Sunghwan Yoo, Raghuraman Balasubramanian, Prashant Chandra, Michael Cutforth, Peter Cuy, David Decotigny, Rakesh Gautam, Alex Iriza, Milo M. K. Martin, Rick Roy, Zuowei Shen, Ming Tan, Ye Tang, Monica Wong-Chan,  \nJoe Zbiciak, Amin Vahdat  \nGoogle Inc.  \n[aquila-nsdi2022@google.com](aquila-nsdi2022@google.com)  \nAbstract  \nDatacenter workloads have evolved from the data intensive, loosely-coupled workloads of the past decade to more tightly coupled ones, wherein ultra-low latency communication is essential for resource disaggregation over the network and to enable emerging programming models.  \nWe introduce Aquila, an experimental datacenter network fabric built with ultra-low latency support as a first-class design goal, while also supporting traditional datacenter traffic. Aquila uses a new Layer 2 cell-based protocol, GNet, an integrated switch, and a custom ASIC with low-latency Remote Memory Access (RMA) capabilities co-designed with GNet. We demonstrate that Aquila is able to achieve under 40 µs tail fabric Round Trip Time (RTT) for IP traffic and sub-10 µs RMA execution time across hundreds of host machines, even in the presence of background throughput-oriented IP traffic. This translates to more than 5x reduction in tail latency fora production quality key-value store running on a prototype Aquila network.  \n1 INTRODUCTION  \nThere has been tremendous progress in datacenter networking over the past decade, with fundamental advances in the control plane [18, 27,44,49], the rise of commodity silicon arranged in non-blocking topologies [4, 23, 36, 49], network management and verification [7, 8, 29, 41], and highly available network design techniques [21] . Taken together, the community is now in a place where cost-effective, easy-to-manage, and scalable network designs and deployments are becoming common in industry. Plentiful network bandwidth at the scale of clusters of tens of thousands servers [49] can be leveraged for largescale hyperscalers and the services they host.  \nHowever, all of these advances come while assuming TCPbased congestion control and Ethernet Layer 2 protocols. This Layer 2-4 stack has been incredibly robust and resilient through many decades of deployment and incremental evolution. However, we are seeing a new impasse in the datacenter [12] where advances in distributed computing are  \nincreasingly limited by the lack of performance predictability and isolation in multi-tenant datacenter networks. Two to three orders of magnitude performance difference [15] in what network fabric designers aim for and what applications can expect and program to is not uncommon, severely limiting the pace of innovation in higher-level cluster-based distributed systems.  \nSuch concerns are amplified when considering the state of supercomputing/HPC clusters [17] and emerging machine learning pods [22, 28] where individual applications benefit from low-latency RDMA [16, 51], collective operations [46], and tightly integrated compute and communication capabilities. The key differences in these more specialized settings relative to production datacenter environments include: i) the ability to assume single tenant deployments or at least space sharing rather than time sharing; ii) reduced concerns around failure handling; and iii) a willingness to take on backward incompatible network technologies including wire formats.  \nRecent research efforts into disaggregated rack-scale architectures [13, 34] further highlight some of these challenges: can the same NICs and switches supporting host-to-host communication across the wide area support, for example, SSD and GPU devices at a much smaller radius? Is the disaggregation network necessarily a separate dedicated fabric or can it be multiplexed with TCP/IP traffic destined to remote hosts pot","cbCaiqG1N5T8JKhw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqG1N5T8JKhw","pdf",1137440,18,"English","# Abstract\n# 1 INTRODUCTION","[{\"question\":\"What problem does Aquila target in datacenter networking?\",\"answer\":\"Aquila targets the lack of performance predictability and isolation in multi-tenant datacenter networks, which limits innovation in tightly coupled distributed workloads.\"},{\"question\":\"What components make up Aquila’s network fabric?\",\"answer\":\"Aquila uses the GNet Layer 2 cell-based protocol, an integrated switch, and a custom ASIC with low-latency Remote Memory Access (RMA) capabilities co-designed with GNet.\"},{\"question\":\"What performance results does the document report for Aquila?\",\"answer\":\"Aquila achieves under 40 µs tail RTT for IP traffic and sub-10 µs RMA execution time across hundreds of hosts, even with background throughput-oriented IP traffic.\"}]","Aquila - A unified, low-latency fabric for datacenter networks | PDF",45]