[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-208011-en":3,"doc-seo-208011-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":89},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},208011,962088006270,"eBook King","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",4,"Exam","AQA Biology GCSE Topic 1 - Cell Biology Definitions and Concepts","Glossary-style study notes for AQA Biology GCSE Topic 1: Cell Biology, presenting concise definitions of core cell structures and processes. Covers transport mechanisms (diffusion, osmosis, active transport), key organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, vacuoles), cell division (mitosis), and cell organisation concepts (cell membrane and cell wall, concentration gradients, resolution, magnification). Includes STEM cell and cell differentiation terms, plus surface area to volume ratio for exchange efficiency.","Definitions and Concepts for AQA Biology GCSE  \nTopic 1: Cell Biology  \nDefinitions in bold are for higher tier only Definitions marked by‘*’are for separate sciences only  \nActive transport: The movement of substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient) with the use of energy from respiration.  \nAdult stem cell: A type of stem cell that can form many types of cells.  \nAgar jelly: A substance placed in petri dishes which is used to culture microorganisms on. Cell differentiation: The process where a cell becomes specialised to its function.  \nCell membrane: A partially permeable barrier that surrounds the cell.  \nCell wall: An outer layer made of cellulose that strengthens plant cells.  \nChloroplast: An organelle which is the site of photosynthesis.  \nChromosomes: DNA structures that are found in the nucleus which are made up of genes.  \nConcentration gradient: The difference in concentration between two areas.  \nDiffusion: The spreading out of the particles of any substance in solution, or particles of a gas, resulting in a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. ✢  \nEmbryonic stem cell: A type of stem cell that can differentiate into most types of human cells.  \nEukaryotic cell: A type of cell found in plants and animals that contains a nucleus. Magnification: How much bigger an image appears compared to the original object. Meristematic cells: A type of stem cell that can differentiate into any type of plant cell.  \nMitochondria: An organelle which is the site of respiration.  \nMitosis: A type of cell division which produces two genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell.  \nNucleus: An organelle found in most eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material of the cell and controls the activities of the cell.  \nOrganelle: A specialised structure found inside a cell.  \nOsmosis: The diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.  \nPlasmid: Loops of DNA found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.  \nProkaryotic cell: A type of cell found in bacteria that does not contain a nucleus.  \nResolution: The ability to distinguish two different points in a specimen.  \nSpecialised cells: Cells that are adapted to perform a specific function.  \nStem cell: An undifferentiated cell that can divide to produce many specialised cells of the same type.  \nSurface area: The amount of contact an object has with its environment.  \nSurface area to volume ratio (SA:V): The size of the object compared with the amount of area where it contacts its environment.  \nThe cell cycle: A series of stages preparing the cell for division.  \nTherapeutic cloning: Producing an embryo that has the same genes as a patient.  \nVacuole: An organelle that stores cell sap.  \nDefinitions denoted with a ‘ ✢’ taken from: AQA GCSE Biology Specification, 8461, Version 1.0 2. 1, April 2016","cbCaibXAv374NSfB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibXAv374NSfB","pdf",117637,1,2,"English","en",105,"# Topic 1: Cell Biology\n## Definitions and Concepts","[{\"question\":\"What is diffusion and how does it relate to concentration gradients?\",\"answer\":\"Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. It occurs because of the concentration gradient between two areas.\"},{\"question\":\"How are osmosis and active transport different?\",\"answer\":\"Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution. Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient and requires energy from respiration.\"},{\"question\":\"What does mitosis produce, and what is the cell cycle?\",\"answer\":\"Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell. The cell cycle is a series of stages preparing the cell for division.\"}]","AQA Biology GCSE Topic 1 - Cell Biology Definitions and Concepts | PDF",1788602167,5,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":28},"aqa-biology-gcse-topic-1-cell-biology-definitions-and-concepts","",{"@graph":36,"@context":83},[37,52,66],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/aqa-biology-gcse-topic-1-cell-biology-definitions-and-concepts/208011/",{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":41,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-05",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"What is diffusion and how does it relate to concentration gradients?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. It occurs because of the concentration gradient between two areas.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"How are osmosis and active transport different?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution. Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient and requires energy from respiration.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"What does mitosis produce, and what is the cell cycle?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells from one parent cell. 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