[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-602643-105":59,"doc-detail-602643-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","applied-entrepreneurship-policy-ontarios-colleges-in-the-age-of-globalization","APPLIED ENTREPRENEURSHIP POLICY - ONTARIO’S COLLEGES IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION","","Globalization places Canadian postsecondary institutions under pressure to become more innovative and better equip students and staff for rapid change. This exploratory study develops a framework for examining applied entrepreneurship by comparing Ontario colleges that emphasize innovation (research and development) versus entrepreneurship and small business activities (SMEs and start-ups). Using purposive sampling across 10 Ontario colleges, the study analyzes strategic mandate agreements and finds innovation approaches align with practical and commercial aims while applied entrepreneurship alignment is limited.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/applied-entrepreneurship-policy-ontarios-colleges-in-the-age-of-globalization/602643/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/applied-entrepreneurship-policy-ontarios-colleges-in-the-age-of-globalization/602643.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"pixelkiddo","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study investigate about Ontario colleges under globalization?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines applied entrepreneurship in Ontario colleges by comparing approaches that prioritize innovation (research and development) with those related to entrepreneurship and small business (SMEs and start-ups).","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used a purposive sampling procedure selecting 10 Ontario colleges and analyzed their strategic mandate agreement excerpts and passages tied to innovation and entrepreneurship policy.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What key findings are reported regarding innovation and entrepreneurship policy alignment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The results indicate that colleges’ innovation approaches are directed toward applied research with practical or commercial objectives, while there is limited alignment between entrepreneurship policy and an applied entrepreneurship approach.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602643,1792121948,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},962090883892,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e00115db34f3e0f11b?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1790152879550218658","APPLIED ENTREPRENEURSHIP POLICY:  \nONTARIO’S COLLEGES IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION  \nAGOSTINO MENNA  \nHOLLY CATALFAMO  \nCOSIMO GIROLAMO  \nABSTRACT  \nIn the age of globalization, postsecondary institutions in Canada have been called upon to be more innovative to support the development of a workforce that is better able to respond to the rapidly changing environment. This exploratory study proposes a framework to examine applied entrepreneurship as a conceptual framework by exploring the differences between colleges that use innovation (research and development) and entrepreneurship/small business (SMEs and start-ups). Apurposive sampling procedure was used for this study with 10 Ontario colleges randomly selected. By examining the strategic mandate agreements of Ontario colleges, the researchers analyzed the data by carefully reviewing the excerpts, quotations, or entire passages in which innovation policy was related to course-based research and entrepreneurship policy related to self-employment (SME). The data revealed that the innovation approach delivered by colleges reflects research directed to an applied approach and is primarily directed to practical or commercial objectives, serving the needs of local employers and supporting economic development. In terms of entrepreneurship policy, the data suggest that there is limited alignment with an applied entrepreneurship approach. Inclusion of applied entrepreneurship in the strategic planning processes of colleges is an important step toward the attainment of innovation and entrepreneurship outcomes.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nEntrepreneurship in public policy has been integrated into strategic plans at all levels of government in Canada. In the early 1990's, the Canadian government commissioned a 4-year study by Michael Porter from Harvard University that revealed Canada’s challenges in the global arena (Porter, 1990) . Porter (1990) stated that a nation’s competitive advantage is based on its ability to be innovative and enterprising when addressing problems and argued that Canada could not continue to sustain a high standard of living by merely exporting its natural resources and operating by the standards of the industrial age.  \nIt was also during the 1990’s that the dominant economic system, described as the industrial age, gave way to a new era of globalization that was brought about, in part, by the disintegration of the Soviet Union caused by the collapse of the Berlin Wall and the end of the cold war. Unlike the cold war system, globalization is a dynamic ongoing process; globalization involves the integration of markets, nation-states, and technologies to a degree never previously witnessed and in a way that enables individuals, corporations, and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, and cheaper than ever before (Friedman, 2000) .  \nIn the age of globalization, postsecondary institutions in Canada have been called upon to be more innovative to support the development of a workforce that is better able to respond to the rapidly changing global environment. Some researchers have argued that entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship policy, are important drivers of economic growth (Praag &Versloot, 2007) . In the last two decades, entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial cultures within postsecondary environments have been implemented to varying degrees throughout the educational system across Canada (Parsley & Djukic, 2010) . However, it could be argued that for postsecondary institutions to embrace and adopt entrepreneurial cultures fully, strategic planning processes must recognize and incorporate such imperatives in their strategic objectives and planning documents.  \nThis exploratory study examines one section of the postsecondary landscape in Canada: Ontario colleges. The paper presents a framework by which to examine applied entrepreneurship  \nEducational Planning 59 Vol. 23, No. 2  \nas a conceptual framework by exploring the differences between co","cbCaiqGy0QI5oUA3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqGy0QI5oUA3","pdf",725129,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Literature Review","[{\"question\":\"What does the study investigate about Ontario colleges under globalization?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines applied entrepreneurship in Ontario colleges by comparing approaches that prioritize innovation (research and development) with those related to entrepreneurship and small business (SMEs and start-ups).\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"The study used a purposive sampling procedure selecting 10 Ontario colleges and analyzed their strategic mandate agreement excerpts and passages tied to innovation and entrepreneurship policy.\"},{\"question\":\"What key findings are reported regarding innovation and entrepreneurship policy alignment?\",\"answer\":\"The results indicate that colleges’ innovation approaches are directed toward applied research with practical or commercial objectives, while there is limited alignment between entrepreneurship policy and an applied entrepreneurship approach.\"}]","APPLIED ENTREPRENEURSHIP POLICY - ONTARIO’S COLLEGES IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION | PDF",1792095015]