[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-538280-105":59,"doc-detail-538280-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","appendix-f-planning-for-the-psychological-aftermath-of-school-tragedy","Appendix F - Planning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy","","Appendix F provides planning guidance for districts to support psychological recovery after a school tragedy or death. It outlines a postvention plan meant to begin on the first school day following trauma, and organizes discussion around key decisions such as informing students and faculty, facilitating expression of reactions, and addressing victims’ friends, high-risk students, and siblings. It also explains postvention principles focused on reducing fear through factual information and minimizing unknowns, and facilitating grieving while maintaining an open, accepting school atmosphere.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/appendix-f-planning-for-the-psychological-aftermath-of-school-tragedy/538280/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/appendix-f-planning-for-the-psychological-aftermath-of-school-tragedy/538280.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/octet-stream","2026-10-22","2026-10-10",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"When should the district start the postvention plan after a tragedy?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The plan is designed to take effect on the first school day after the trauma has occurred.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the appendix explain reducing fear in a school after a tragedy?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Reducing fear starts by addressing the unknown—providing factual information about what happened, the deaths, and what the grieving process may involve in the days ahead.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is meant by facilitating grieving in the postvention approach?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Facilitating grieving involves organizing the school day with minimal changes and creating an open, accepting environment that allows students and staff to express secret fears, questions, and feelings.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},538280,1791821624,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Appendix F:  Planning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy\nUse the information contained in this appendix to help your district plan for psychological recovery from a school tragedy.\nThe contents of this appendix are listed below.\nPlanning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy\tF-2\nPrinciples of Postvention\tF-4\nPostvention Plan\tF-7\nThe Issue of Staff Grief\tF-14\nSuggestions on Leading Class Discussion of Death\tF-15\nWhen to Refer a Child to Mental Health Professionals:  Preschool and Elementary\nSchool Students\tF-16\nEmotional and Behavioral Reactions of Children to Disasters\tF-17\nGuidelines for Student/Staff Sudden Death\tF-21\n\u000fPlanning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy\n\u000fThomas T. Frantz\nAssociate Professor of Counseling and Educational Psychology\nState University of New York at Buffalo\nOur purpose is to discuss a basic postvention plan that can be adopted for use in any school following a death or tragedy. The plan is designed to go into effect the first school day after the trauma has occurred.\nTo initiate thinking about postvention, consider the following specific questions that will usually arise:\nHow and when should students and faculty be informed of the pertinent details surrounding it?\nHow, when, and where should students be allowed to express their reactions?\nWhat should be done for victims’ close friends?\nWhat should be done for “high risk” students?\nShould the school hold a special assembly or memorial service?\nShould there be a symbolic expression of grief, such as lowering the flag to half mast?\nShould the school close for the funeral?\nWho should go to the funeral?\nWhat kinds of commemorative activities or symbols—plaques, memorial funds, etc.—are appropriate?\nShould the victims’ parents be contacted and what help can be offered to them?\nWhat should be done about the concerns of other parents?\nHow should the school deal with the media?\nShould the school turn to outside consultation for help?  To whom?\nWhat reactions from students should be expected?\nShould a regular school schedule be followed the day after?\n_____________________\n*Reprinted with permission from Thomas T. Frantz\nPlanning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy (Continued)\nHow long should the school be concerned about student reactions?\nHow much grieving or “acting out” should be allowed?\nShould students be involved in planning the school’s response?\nWho should organize and coordinate the school’s response?\nWhat about siblings or affected students in other schools?\nWhat should teachers say to students in their classes?\n\u000fPrinciples of Postvention\nBefore presenting a plan to respond to the issues raised by these questions, interrelated principles of postvention are outlined. The postvention plan is on the principles of reducing fear, facilitating grieving, and promoting education.\nReduce Fear\nFear is the most overpowering and debilitating human emotion. Fear can cause us to flee in panic, act irrationally, become immobilized, say things we regret, and act in other ways that later are embarrassing to us. To deal with fear, we first recognize that fear breeds in the unknown. People are most afraid of what they don’t understand, of mysterious, dark, different, unknown situations. The neighbors’ German Shepherd running at you, riding the subway, or driving to Toronto may each be scary the first time, but once you get to know the dog, have taken the subway a few times, or made the trip to Toronto often, you are much less afraid. Experience reduces the unknown and thereby reduces fear. An earthquake, especially one resulting in death, produces so many unanswered questions, leaves so much unknown, and thus creates fear. What made it happen? Will it happen again? Is the school really safe? Am I safe at home?\nWill the next one get me? Why didn’t God do something! Is there any place that’s really safe?\nAs a result of so many unanswerable questions, the atmosphere in a school following an earthquake may be tinged wit","cbCaihekaeJxfkkb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihekaeJxfkkb","doc",186880,32,"English","# Planning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy\n## Principles of Postvention\n## Postvention Plan\n## The Issue of Staff Grief\n## Suggestions on Leading Class Discussion of Death\n## When to Refer a Child to Mental Health Professionals - Preschool and Elementary School Students\n## Emotional and Behavioral Reactions of Children to Disasters\n## Guidelines for Student/Staff Sudden Death","[{\"question\":\"When should the district start the postvention plan after a tragedy?\",\"answer\":\"The plan is designed to take effect on the first school day after the trauma has occurred.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the appendix explain reducing fear in a school after a tragedy?\",\"answer\":\"Reducing fear starts by addressing the unknown—providing factual information about what happened, the deaths, and what the grieving process may involve in the days ahead.\"},{\"question\":\"What is meant by facilitating grieving in the postvention approach?\",\"answer\":\"Facilitating grieving involves organizing the school day with minimal changes and creating an open, accepting environment that allows students and staff to express secret fears, questions, and feelings.\"}]","Appendix F - Planning for the Psychological Aftermath of School Tragedy | DOC",1791606484,81]