[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-207883-en":3,"doc-seo-207883-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":82},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},207883,2336475104042,"Tawan","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c32af1715be0?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786537525561427321",4,"Exam","9 Appendix A - Physics equations - SI units","Appendix A lists essential physics equations students must recall and apply when solving quantitative problems using standard SI units. It includes an initial table of core mechanics, energy, momentum, and wave/electric power relations, with Higher Tier-only requirements marked by “HT”. A second table extends the set to pressure, kinematics, thermal energy, and electromagnetic effects, including state-change and transformer-related expressions, guiding equation selection from a Physics equationsheet.","# 9 Appendix A:Physicsequations\n\nIn solving quantitative problems,students should be able to recall and apply the followingequations,using standard SI units.  \nEquations required for Higher Tier papers only are indicated by HT in the left hand column.  \n\n| Equation  \u003Cbr>number   | Word equation   | Symbol  \u003Cbr>equation   |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1   | weight =mass ×gravitational field strength (g)   | W=mg   |\n| 2   | work done =force ×distance (along the line of action of the force)   | W=Fs   |\n| 3   | force applied to a spring =spring constant ×extension   | F=ke   |\n| 4   | moment of a force =force ×distance(normal to direction of force)   | M=Fd   |\n| 5   |  |  |\n| 6   | distance travelled =speed ×time   | S=vt   |\n| 7   |  |  |\n| 8   | resultant force =mass ×acceleration   | F=m a   |\n| 9 HT   | momentum =mass ×velocity   | p=mv   |\n| 10   | kinetic energy =0.5×mass×(speed)²   |  |\n| 11   | gravitational potential energy =mass ×gravitational field strength(g  \u003Cbr>)×height   |  |\n| 12   |  |  |\n| 13   |  |  |\n| 14   |  |  |\n| 15   |  |  |\n\n| Equation  \u003Cbr>number   | Word equation   | Symbol  \u003Cbr>equation   |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 16   | wave speed =frequency×wavelength   | v=fλ   |\n| 17   | charge flow =current ×time   | Q=I t   |\n| 18   | potential difference =current ×resistance   | V=I R   |\n| 19   | power =potential difference ×current   | P=VI   |\n| 20   | power=(current)²×resistance   | P=I²R   |\n| 21   | energy transferred =power ×time   | E=Pt   |\n| 22   | energy transferred=charge flow ×potential difference   | E=QV   |\n| 23   |  |  |\n\nStudents should be able to select and apply the following equations from the Physics equationsheet.  \nEquations required for Higher Tier papers only are indicated by HT in the left hand column.  \n\n| Equation  \u003Cbr>number   | Word equation   | Symbol  \u003Cbr>equation   |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 HT   | pressure due to a column of liquid =height of column  \u003Cbr>×density of liquid ×gravitational field strength (g)   | p=hpg   |\n| 2   | (final velocity)²-(initial velocity)²=2×acceleration ×distance   | v²-u²  \u003Cbr>=2 as   |\n| 3 HT   |  |  |\n| 4   | elastic potential energy =0.5×spring constant ×(extension)²   |  |\n| 5   | change in thermal energy =mass ×specific heat capacity  \u003Cbr>×temperature change   | △E=m c△θ   |\n| 6   |  |  |\n| 7   |  |  |\n| 8 HT   | force on a conductor (at right angles to a magnetic field  \u003Cbr>)carrying a current =magnetic flux density×current ×length   | F=BI l   |\n\n| Equation  \u003Cbr>number   | Word equation   | Symbol  \u003Cbr>equation   |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 9   | thermal energy for a change of state =mass ×specific latent heat   | E=mL   |\n| 10 HT   |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n| 11 HT   | potential difference across primary coil ×current in primary coil  \u003Cbr>=potential difference across secondary coil  \u003Cbr>×current in secondary coil   | V₅I₅=VpIp   |\n| 12   | For gases:pressure ×volume =constant   | p V  \u003Cbr>P  \u003Cbr>=constant   |","cbCaiouxNPJnMBXW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiouxNPJnMBXW","pdf",444881,1,3,"English","en",105,"# 9 Appendix A: Physics equations\n## Core equations (SI units)\n## Higher Tier extension and equation selection","[{\"question\":\"What types of physics topics are covered by the equation lists?\",\"answer\":\"The appendix covers core relations across mechanics (e.g., weight, work, force effects), momentum and kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, waves, electricity (charge flow, potential difference, power), and extensions such as pressure, thermal energy, and electromagnetic effects.\"}]","9 Appendix A - 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