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Often detected incidentally during appendectomy, they range from asymptomatic cases to presentations resembling acute appendicitis. Histology distinguishes low-grade (LAMNs) and high-grade (HAMNs) noninvasive lesions and invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas; rupture can cause pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Management relies on surgical resection and intraoperative assessment to prevent rupture, with treatment selection including appendectomy, right hemicolectomy, and cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, supported by mucin detection, immunohistochemistry, and molecular profiling (e.g., KRAS, GNAS, TP53).",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/appendiceal-mucinous-neoplasms-optimizing-treatment-strategies-based-on-clinical-histological-and-molecular-features/376325/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/appendiceal-mucinous-neoplasms-optimizing-treatment-strategies-based-on-clinical-histological-and-molecular-features/376325.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ben ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) and how are they commonly found?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"AMNs are rare tumors from mucin-producing epithelial cells of the appendix. They are often discovered incidentally during appendectomy and may be asymptomatic or mimic acute appendicitis.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How are AMNs classified histologically?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Noninvasive AMNs are classified as low-grade (LAMNs) or high-grade (HAMNs), while invasive tumors are categorized as mucinous adenocarcinomas.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why is rupture clinically important in AMNs, and what treatments are used?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Rupture can lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Surgical resection is the primary approach, with intraoperative assessment to prevent rupture; options include appendectomy, right hemicolectomy, and cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},376325,1790270447,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336478951081,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","| W | J | C | O | World Journal of\u003Cbr>Clinical Oncology |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\nSubmit a Manuscript: [https://www.f6publishing.com](https://www.f6publishing.com) World J Clin Oncol 2025 August 24; 16(8): 109088  \nDOI: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.109088 ISSN 2218-4333 (online)  \nMINIREVIEWS  \nAppendiceal mucinous neoplasms: Optimizing treatment strategies based on clinical, histological, and molecular features  \nAtsushi Mitamura, Shingo Tsujinaka, Fumiyoshi Fujishima, Kentaro Sawada, Makoto Hikage, Tomoya Miura, Yoh Kitamura, Yuuri Hatsuzawa, Toru Nakano, Chikashi Shibata  \nSpecialty type: Oncology  \nProvenance and peer review:  \nInvited article; Externally peer reviewed.  \nPeer-review model: Single blind  \nPeer-review report’s classification Scientific Quality: Grade B  \nNovelty: Grade B  \nCreativity or Innovation: Grade B  \nScientific Significance: Grade B  \nP-Reviewer: Liu J  \nReceived: April 29, 2025  \nRevised: June 3, 2025  \nAccepted: July 16, 2025  \nPublished online: August 24, 2025  \nProcessing time: 113 Days and 15.5 Hours  \nAtsushi Mitamura, Shingo Tsujinaka, Kentaro Sawada, Makoto Hikage, Tomoya Miura, Yoh Kitamura, Yuuri Hatsuzawa, Toru Nakano, Chikashi Shibata, Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 983- 8536, Miyagi, Japan  \nFumiyoshi Fujishima, Department of Pathology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 983-8536, Miyagi, Japan  \nCorresponding author: Shingo Tsujinaka, MD, Associate Professor, Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1- 15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8536, Miyagi, Japan.  \n[tsujinakas@tohoku-mpu.ac.jp](tsujinakas@tohoku-mpu.ac.jp)  \nAbstract  \nAppendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) are rare tumors originating from mucin-producing epithelial cells of the appendix. They can exhibit both benign and malignant behavior. They are often incidentally discovered during appendectomy. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic to mimicking acute appendicitis. Histologically, noninvasive AMNs are classified as low-grade AMNs (LAMNs) or high-grade AMNs (HAMNs), whereas invasive tumors are categorized as mucinous adenocarcinomas. Although LAMNs and HAMNs are generally nonmalignant, rupture can lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) . Surgical resection is the primary diagnostic and therapeutic approach, with intraoperative assessment to prevent rupture. Treatment strategies vary based on findings and include appendectomy, right hemicolectomy, and cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Histological diagnosis relies on mucin detection, and immunohistochemical markers such as cytokeratin 20 (diffusely positive), cytokeratin 7 (often negative), mucin 5AC, and special ATrich sequence-binding protein 2 assist in characterization. Molecular profiling frequently identifies KRAS, GNAS, and TP53 mutations. KRAS mutations are generally associated with a favorable prognosis, whereas GNAS and TP53 mutations correlate with poorer survival outcomes. These findings highlight the potential role of molecular profiling in guiding treatment strategies for AMN and PMP.  \nKey Words: Low-grade appendiceal neoplasms; High-grade appendiceal neoplasms; Mucinous adenocarcinomas; Pseudomyxoma peritonei; Immunohistochemistry; Molecular  \n WJCO  [https://www.wjgnet.com](https://www.wjgnet.com) 1 August 24, 2025  Volume 16  Issue 8   \nMitamura A et al. Treatment strategies for AMNs  \nmarkers; Cytoreductive surgery; Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy  \n©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.  \nCore Tip: Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) are rare tumors originating in mucin-producing epithelial cells of the appendix. They can be benign or malignant. AMN is often discovered during appendectomy, presenting asymptomatically or mimicking acute appendicitis. Noninvasive AMNs include low-grad","cbCaia3IeZK0wwG2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia3IeZK0wwG2","pdf",8559348,"English","# Minireviews\n## Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms: Optimizing treatment strategies based on clinical, histological, and molecular features\n# Abstract\n# Key Words\n# Core Tip\n# Citation\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What are appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) and how are they commonly found?\",\"answer\":\"AMNs are rare tumors from mucin-producing epithelial cells of the appendix. They are often discovered incidentally during appendectomy and may be asymptomatic or mimic acute appendicitis.\"},{\"question\":\"How are AMNs classified histologically?\",\"answer\":\"Noninvasive AMNs are classified as low-grade (LAMNs) or high-grade (HAMNs), while invasive tumors are categorized as mucinous adenocarcinomas.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is rupture clinically important in AMNs, and what treatments are used?\",\"answer\":\"Rupture can lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Surgical resection is the primary approach, with intraoperative assessment to prevent rupture; options include appendectomy, right hemicolectomy, and cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.\"}]","Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms: Optimizing treatment strategies based on clinical, histological, and molecular features | PDF",1790218232,33]