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This study evaluated apoptotic activity in parietal peritoneal wall and omental mesothelial cells from 26 patients with advanced ovarian cancer, 11 with early-stage disease, and 13 healthy controls using the TUNEL technique. Apoptosis increased significantly adjacent to advanced ovarian cancer metastases, especially near infiltrating lesions, and showed consistent infiltration patterns across sites.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/apoptosis-of-mesothelial-cells-is-associated-with-the-pattern-of-peritoneal-metastases-in-ovarian-cancer/464622/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/apoptosis-of-mesothelial-cells-is-associated-with-the-pattern-of-peritoneal-metastases-in-ovarian-cancer/464622.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Emma Wilson","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To determine whether mesothelial cell apoptosis is associated with the pattern and spread of peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were apoptotic activity and metastasis types assessed?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Apoptosis in mesothelial cells was measured using the TUNEL technique, and metastases were classified as pushing or infiltrating.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What did the study find regarding apoptosis and metastasis infiltration?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Mesothelial apoptosis was significantly higher near advanced ovarian cancer metastases, and it was more pronounced near infiltrating-type lesions than pushing-type lesions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},464622,1790826754,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},3848291630094,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Article  \nApoptosis of Mesothelial Cells Is Associated with the Pattern of Peritoneal Metastases in Ovarian Cancer  \nKonstantin Maksin 1,2, Magdalena Nadolna 3,4, Mateusz Wozniak 5, Tetiana Bocharova 2,6, Piotr Jasinski 1, Michal Nowicki 7, Ewa Nowak-Markwitz 5 and Sebastian Szubert 8, *  \nAcademic Editor: Sham S. Kakar  \nReceived: 22 November 2025  \nRevised: 22 December 2025  \nAccepted: 27 December 2025  \nPublished: 29 December 2025  \nCorrection Statement: This article has been republished with a minor change. The change does not affect the scientific content of the article and further details are available within the backmatter of the website version of this article.  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \n1 Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 Street, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; [k.maksin@ansm.pl](k.maksin@ansm.pl) (K.M.)  \n2 Faculty of Medical Sciences, Poznan Medical University of Prince Mieszko I, 55 Bulgarska Street, 60-320 Poznan, Poland; [t.bocharova@khimu.edu.ua](t.bocharova@khimu.edu.ua)  \n3 The Student Scientific Society, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland  \n4 Student’s Research Group of Gynaecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 Street, 60-535 Poznan, Poland  \n5 Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 Street, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; [mateusz.wozniak@ump.edu.pl](mateusz.wozniak@ump.edu.pl) (M.W.)  \n6 Department of Professionally Oriented Disciplines, Kharkiv International Medical University,  \n38 Molochna Street, 61-100 Kharkiv, Ukraine  \n7 Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland  \n8 Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Institute of Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, 82/84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland  \n* Correspondence: [sszubert@ump.edu.pl](sszubert@ump.edu.pl)  \nSimple Summary  \nPeritoneal carcinomatosis is the main cause of mortality in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC), yet the contribution of mesothelial cell apoptosis to metastatic spread remains unclear. This study analyzed apoptotic activity in parietal peritoneal wall and omental mesothelial cells from AOC patients, early-stage OC patients, and healthy controls using the TUNEL technique. Apoptosis was significantly elevated in mesothelial cells adjacent to AOC metastases in comparison to controls, particularly near infiltrating metastases. This infiltration pattern was consistent across peritoneal sites. No significant differences were observed between early-stage OC and healthy controls. Crucially, mesothelial apoptosis was independent of peritoneal cancer index, BRCA mutation, or homologous recombination deficiency status. These findings indicate that mesothelial cell apoptosis may facilitate peritoneal dissemination in ovarian cancer.  \nAbstract  \nBackground/Objectives: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the leading cause of death in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) . Mesothelial cells lining the peritoneum modulate tumor implantation, yet the role of their apoptosis in metastasis development remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between mesothelial cell apoptosis and metastatic spread in ovarian cancer (OC) . Methods: The study included 26 patients with AOC, 11 with early-stage OC (EOC), and 13 healthy controls. Apoptotic activity in parietal peritoneal wall and omental mesothelial cells was assessed using the TUNEL technique. Metastases were classified as pushing or infiltrating. Associations with the peritoneal cancer index (PCI), BRCA mutation, and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status were analyzed. Results: Mesothelial cells adjacen","cbCaiowoiOnVnCyB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiowoiOnVnCyB","pdf",6977642,15,"English","# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n# Results\n# Discussion\n# Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What was the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To determine whether mesothelial cell apoptosis is associated with the pattern and spread of peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"How were apoptotic activity and metastasis types assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Apoptosis in mesothelial cells was measured using the TUNEL technique, and metastases were classified as pushing or infiltrating.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find regarding apoptosis and metastasis infiltration?\",\"answer\":\"Mesothelial apoptosis was significantly higher near advanced ovarian cancer metastases, and it was more pronounced near infiltrating-type lesions than pushing-type lesions.\"}]","Apoptosis of Mesothelial Cells Is Associated with the Pattern of Peritoneal Metastases in Ovarian Cancer | PDF",1790768439,38]