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College Board, Advanced Placement, AP, AP Central, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks [of College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org](of College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org).  \nAP Central is the official online home for [the AP Program: apcentral.collegeboard.org](the AP Program: apcentral.collegeboard.org).  \nUNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS  \nSECTION II  \nTIME – 1 HOUR AND 40 MINUTES  \nDirections:  \nSection II has 4 questions and lasts 1 hour and 40 minutes.  \nRespond to all parts of all 4 questions. In your response, use substantive examples where appropriate.  \nYou may pace yourself as you answer the questions in this section, or you may use these optional timing recommendations:  \nIt is suggested that you spend about 20 minutes each on questions 1, 2, and 3 and about 40 minutes on question 4.  \nYou may use scratch paper for notes and planning, but credit will only be given for responses entered in this application. Text you enter as an annotation will not be included as part of your answer. You can go back and forth between questions in this section until time expires. The clock will turn red when 5 minutes remain—the proctor will not give you any time updates or warnings.  \nNote: This exam was originally administered digitally. It is presented here in a format optimized for teacher and student use in the classroom.  \n© 2025 College Board.  \n[Visit College Board on the web:](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 2)[ collegeboard.org](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 2)[ 2](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 2)  \nAP UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS 2025 n FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS  \nIn the summer of 2021, the House of Representatives passed a bill on election reform with overwhelming support from Democrats and no Republican votes. When the same legislation was discussed in the Senate later on in the year, the Democrats had a majority to pass the bill but could not obtain enough Republican votes to end the debate. As long as debate continued, there could be no final vote on the legislation. As a result, the bill did not become law, despite having the minimum number of supporters to win a floor vote if one were to be held. Disappointed by the outcome, some of the bill’s supporters suggested that the problem was not the legislation but the rules of the Senate. Groups pressured the Senate leadership to consider revising the rules to make it easier for the chamber to pass legislation, similar to the rules currently in place in the House of Representatives.  \nOpinions on changing the Senate rules varied. Some Republican and Democratic senators supported the rule change. Others in both parties opposed it, voicing concerns about the longterm consequences of changing the rules. One senator noted that because any party could be in the minority in the future, any changes to the rules should still ensure that all senators continue to have input.  \n1. Respond to parts A, B, and C.  \nA. Describe the Senate procedure at the center of the controversy in the scenario.  \nB. Explain how the procedure described in part A makes passing legislation more difficult in the Senate compared with the House of Representatives.  \nC. Explain how the senators’ actions in addressing the election reform bill illustrate the concept of partisanship.  \n© 2025 College Board.  \n[Visit College Board on the web:](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 3)[ collegeboard.org](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 3)[ 3](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 3)  \nPercentage of Americans Who Believed Climate Change Would Pose a Serious Threat in Their  \nLifetime, 1997 to 2015  \nSource: Gallup, October 2021  \n2. Respond to parts A, B, C, and D.  \nA. Identify the percentage of Americans in 2010 who believed that climate change wo","cbCaivPpTBYiAoyO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivPpTBYiAoyO","pdf",214937,"English","# Directions and Timing\n## Section II Overview\n# Question 1: Senate Procedure and Partisanship\n## Describe the Senate procedure\n## Compare Senate vs. House\n## Explain partisanship\n# Question 2: Climate Change Belief Data\n## Identify a specific year’s percentage\n## Describe a trend\n## Use the trend to influence policymaking\n## Explain political socialization as a cause\n# Question 3: Supreme Court Comparison\n## Compare studied and not-studied cases\n## Use provided case information","[{\"question\":\"How many questions are in Section II and how long is the section?\",\"answer\":\"Section II has 4 questions and lasts 1 hour and 40 minutes.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the time guidance for answering Questions 1–3 and Question 4?\",\"answer\":\"It is suggested to spend about 20 minutes each on Questions 1, 2, and 3, and about 40 minutes on Question 4.\"},{\"question\":\"What does Question 1 ask students to explain about election reform and Senate action?\",\"answer\":\"It asks students to describe the Senate procedure behind the controversy, explain why that procedure makes passing legislation harder than in the House, and show how the senators’ actions illustrate partisanship.\"}]","AP United States Government and Politics - Free-Response Questions Set 1 | PDF",1789894108,15]