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College Board, Advanced Placement, AP, AP Central, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks [of College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org](of College Board. Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org).  \nAP Central is the official online home for [the AP Program: apcentral.collegeboard.org](the AP Program: apcentral.collegeboard.org).  \nEUROPEAN HISTORY  \nSECTION I PART B  \nTIME – 40 MINUTES  \nDirections:  \nSection I, Part B has 3 short-answer questions and lasts 40 minutes.  \nIn this part, answer Question 1 and Question 2 and either Question 3 or Question 4.  \nIn your responses, be sure to address all parts of the questions you answer. Use complete sentences; an outline or bulleted list alone is not acceptable.  \nYou may pace yourself as you answer the questions in this part, or you may use these optional timing recommendations:  \nIt is suggested that you spend an equal amount of time, approximately 13 minutes, on each question.  \nYou may use scratch paper for notes and planning, but credit will only be given for responses entered in this application. Text you enter as an annotation will not be included as part of your answer. You can go back and forth between questions in this part until time expires. The clock will turn red when 5 minutes remain—the proctor will not give you any time updates or warnings.  \nNote: This exam was originally administered digitally. It is presented here in a format optimized for teacher and student use in the classroom.  \n© 2025 College Board.  \n[Visit College Board on the web:](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 2)[ collegeboard.org](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 2)[ 2](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 2)  \nAP EUROPEAN HISTORY 2025 n FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS  \n“After the [Russian] revolution of 1917, the Bolshevik regime became the first government in history to declare that women’s emancipation was one of its primary goals and to write it into law. Legislation ensuring equal pay for equal work was instantly [passed], and women’s right (if not their obligation) to work became central to Soviet notions of citizenship. Yet, after the first fifteen years of Soviet rule, it was evident that the Leninist ideal of freeing women...was still a distant utopia. In retrospect it was also evident that the Soviet Union’s commitment to women’s equal employment has never been purely ideological and has been based rather on pragmatic, demographic factors: rapid economic growth, labor shortages, and a frequent shortage of males. In the past decade [the 1980s], the average female worker, although she was slightly better educated than her male counterpart, earned only two-thirds as much as the average male.... Some forty percent of Soviet working women are employed in unskilled manual labor or lowskilled industrial work.  \nThe higher professions are equally unbalanced. About three-quarters ofthe schoolteachers but only about a third of the school principals are women. Some seventy percent of the doctors are women, but more than half the hospital administrators are men and [they] are in charge of formulating local health policy. The inequality is even more striking among engineers and skilled technical workers.”  \nSource: Francine du Plessix Gray, French-American journalist, Soviet Women: Walking the Tightrope, 1990  \n1. Respond to parts A, B, and C.  \nA. Describe the main argument made by the author in the excerpt.  \nB. Describe one piece of evidence used by the author in the excerpt to support her argument.  \nC. Explain how one historical development in the second half of the 1900s likely influenced the author’s perspective.  \n© 2025 College Board.  \n[Visit College Board on the web:](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 3)[ collegeboard.org](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.org 3)[ 3](Visit College Board on the web: collegeboard.o","cbCaimJlMqOsVL2v","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimJlMqOsVL2v","pdf",5045380,12,"English","# Section I Part B\n## Question 1\n## Question 2\n## Question 3 (either/or)\n## Question 4 (either/or)\n# Section II","[{\"question\":\"What is the structure of Section I, Part B in this set?\",\"answer\":\"Section I, Part B contains 3 short-answer questions and lasts 40 minutes. You answer Question 1 and Question 2 and either Question 3 or Question 4.\"},{\"question\":\"How should responses be written in Section I, Part B?\",\"answer\":\"Responses must address all parts of the questions you answer and must use complete sentences; an outline or bulleted list alone is not acceptable.\"},{\"question\":\"What topics do Questions 3 and 4 cover?\",\"answer\":\"Question 3 focuses on European overseas expansion across 1450–1600, 1600–1700, and its economic effects from 1700–1900. Question 4 focuses on industrialization in Europe from 1750–1800, changes from 1800–1900, and how industrialization affected politics in 1800–1900.\"}]","AP European History - Free-Response Questions Set 1 | PDF",1789900129]