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If an answer cannot be found in OpenStax, use additional resources but cite them as well.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How should students write and complete the assignment?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Answers can be written directly on the document or on a separate sheet of paper, and they should be in your own words (hand-written preferred). 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Information provided to answer questions must be given in-text citation from the textbook. Any remaining questions can be answered using additional resources if the answer cannot be found in OpenStax, but these must be cited as well:  \n[https://openstax.org/details/books/biology-ap-courses](https://openstax.org/details/books/biology-ap-courses)  \n● You may answer these questions either directly on this document or on a separate sheet of paper. Answers in YOUR OWN WORDS (hand-written preferred) . Pay attention to what the prompt asks you to do (ex- ‘describe’ is not the same as ‘explain’) . It’s never too early to start preparing for the College Board FRQs! Here’s a link to the task verbs you must master:  \n[https://apstudents.collegeboard.org/courses/ap-biology/exam-tips](https://apstudents.collegeboard.org/courses/ap-biology/exam-tips)  \nThere will be NO credit given for answering questions using the wrong task verb!  \n● You are creating a Study Guide for the Pre-AP Bio Test by doing this summer assignment, so be thoughtful & thorough regarding your responses. We will NOT spend substantial time going over these concepts in detail while in class.  \n1. Compare and contrast a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.  \n2. Define the term ‘genome’.  \n3. Distinguish between positive and negative feedback, including an example of each. * Relate these concepts to homeostasis.  \n4. Identify the core theme of biology that accounts for the unity and diversity of life.  \n5. Compare/Contrast the 3 Domains of Life.  \n6. Explain the process of natural selection, including the term adaptation in your response.  \n7. State what Darwin meant by “descent with modification”.  \n8. Differentiate: inductive reasoning vs deductive reasoning. Give an example of each.  \n9. Differentiate: invalid hypothesis vs falsified hypothesis.  \n10. List the 4 elements make up > 95% of living organisms.  \n11. Explain how table salt has emergent properties.  \n12. Recall atomic structure, including proton, neutron, electron, mass number and orbital. Describe what is meant by electrons in an \"excited state\" vs those in a \"ground state\", in terms of energy.  \n13. Define: isotope. Explain two important physical properties of radioactive isotopes that make them useful in biological research.  \n14. Compare/contrast: C-12 and C-14 .  \n15. Recall the concept of an ionic bond. Given: CaSO4 . A-State which is the cation and which is the anion.  \nB-Describe why this bond is ionic, rather than covalent, in terms of electronegativity.  \nC-Would this substance dissociate in water?   If so, explain WHY and indicate how many‘particles’ it would dissociate into.  \nD- If glucose (C6 H12O6) was the solute, would it dissociate in water? Explain (and include if disassociation means the same as solubility) .  \n16. Does a valence e- in Carbon have higher or lower chemical (potential) bond energy than a valence e-of Sulfur?  \n17. Distinguish between a polar and nonpolar covalent bond. BE SPECIFIC! Give an example of each.  \n18. Diagram 2 water molecules and indicate the Hydrogen bond(s) present between them using labeled dashed lines.  \n19. Give an example of any BIOLOGICAL (organic) molecule that forms H bonds with water. Diagram your example, showing the positive and negative attractions, as were done above. Predict at least one ‘consequence’ if the bond was either covalent or ionic.  \n20. Does a chemical reaction in dynamic equilibrium mean that the concentration of reactants and products is equal? Explain.  \n21. A-Define what is meant by pH.  \nB-Describe how the pH scale works (in terms of H+ and OH- concentrations)  \nC-Explain how buffers resist changes in pH (refer to carbonic acid/bicarbonate for an example)  \n22. Water is essential for life on earth.  \nA-List at least 5 properties of water.  \nB-Explain why w","cbCaipCXTEwUS45N","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipCXTEwUS45N","pdf",265811,11,"English","# Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells\n# Genome and homeostasis\n# Unity and diversity of life\n# Domains of life and natural selection\n# Darwin’s descent with modification\n# Reasoning types and hypotheses\n# Chemistry of life and bonding\n# Water properties, pH, buffers\n# Dynamic equilibrium and molarity dilution\n# Organic chemistry and functional groups","[{\"question\":\"What sources and citation requirements are required for the answers?\",\"answer\":\"Use the provided OpenStax AP Bio text from Rice University for most questions and include in-text citations from the textbook. If an answer cannot be found in OpenStax, use additional resources but cite them as well.\"},{\"question\":\"How should students write and complete the assignment?\",\"answer\":\"Answers can be written directly on the document or on a separate sheet of paper, and they should be in your own words (hand-written preferred). Follow the prompt’s task verbs exactly, because using the wrong task verb earns no credit.\"},{\"question\":\"What review topics does the assignment cover?\",\"answer\":\"It covers essential AP Biology concepts including cell comparisons, genome and homeostasis, domains of life and evolution, reasoning and hypotheses, key chemical bonding and atomic ideas, water properties and pH buffering, dynamic equilibrium and molarity dilution, and carbon-based organic functional groups.\"}]","AP Biology Summer Assignment-Review of Essential Topics | PDF",1789895806,28]