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Additional parts connect transport behavior to ribosome function, amino-acid location, and channel passage 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is the main purpose of the experiments comparing protein transport mechanisms?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"The experiments examine whether different secreted proteins are transported to the ER during translation or after translation, and how SR and Sec62 are required for each pathway.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"In Figure 1, what is the dependent variable?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The dependent variable is the relative amount of the specific ER membrane proteins (SR and Sec62 protein content), measured relative to the control siRNA group.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"How do the researchers test which proteins show increased percent transport to the ER with Sec62 siRNA?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"They treat cells with either Sec62 siRNA or SR siRNA, then measure and calculate the percent transported relative to cells treated with control siRNA, using Figure 2 to determine which proteins increase under Sec62 siRNA treatment.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},435722,1791124797,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,94,99,104,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & 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Guidelines  \n☑ Student Samples  \n☑ Scoring Commentary  \nAP Central is the official online home for the APProgram:apcentral.collegeboard.org.  \nQuestion 1:Interpreting and Evaluating Experimental Results  \nMost proteins that are secreted from a cell must be transported to the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)eitherrduring translation or after translation.  \nFor proteins transported during translation,this process begins in the cytosol and pauses when a specificsequence of amino acids is translated.The translation complex is then transported to the surface of the ERwhere translation continues.Proteins that are transported after translation are translated entirely in thecytosol and then transported to the ER.In both instances,the translated proteins enter the ER through aprotein channel in the membrane of the ER.  \nResearchers studying the two types of protein transport identified that the ER membrane protein SR isnecessary for transport during translation,while the ER membrane protein Sec62 is necessary for transportafter translation.To investigate which transport mechanism is used for different proteins,researchers firstcreated small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)that reduce expression of either SR or Sec 62.They then treatedgroups of cells with either the SR siRNA or the Sec62 siRNA and determined the relative amount of SR andSec 62 protein in each group of cells compared with cells treated with a control siRNA.(Figure 1).  \nRelative  \nProtein Content  \n(%of control)  \nFigure 1.Average relative amounts of Sec62 and SR proteins in cells treated with control siRNA,Sec62siRNA or SR siRNA.Error bars represent ±SE.  \nThe researchers then measured the amount of each of three different proteins that was transported to theER in cells treated with Sec62 siRNA or SR siRNA.The researchers calculated the percent transported relativeto the cells treated with control siRNA(Figure 2).  \nRelative Amountof ProteinTransported to the ER(%of control)  \nControl Sec62 SRControl Sec62 SRControl Sec62 SRsiRNA Added to Cells  \nFigure 2.Average relative amounts of three proteins that were transported to the ER when treated withcontrol siRNA,Sec62 siRNA,or SR siRNA.Error bars represent ±SE·  \nA Describe the function of ribosomes.  \nPoint A1  \nExamples of acceptable responses may include the following:  \n● Ribosomes synthesize polypeptides/proteins.  \n·Ribosomes perform translation.  \n● Ribosomes are sites of polypeptide/protein synthesis.  \nB (i)Identify the dependent variable in the experiments shown in Figure 1.  \nPoint B1  \n● The(relative)amount of protein/protein content  \n(ii)Justify why the researchers included the control of measuring the relative amounts of Point B2both Sec62 and SR proteins in cells that were treated with Sec62 siRNA only(data shownin Figure 1).  \nExamples of acceptable responses may include the following:  \n·(The control allowed the researchers)to determine whether the (Sec62)siRNAreduced/affected the content of both proteins(relative to protein content in thepresence of the control siRNA).  \n·(The control allowed the researchers)to determine whether the(Sec62)siRNAreduced/affected Sec62(protein content)only.  \niii)Based on Figure 1,describe the effect on the production of SR protein when cells are Point B3treated with Sec62 siRNA.  \nExamples of acceptable responses may include the following:  \n·(SR protein production)increased.  \n  ●(SR protein production)increased by 65%(accept 50-80%).              \nC   (i)ldentify the independent variable in the researchers'second experiment(data shown Point C1in Figure 2).  \nExamples of acceptable responses may include the following:  \n·(The type of)siRNA(added to the cells)  \n·The type of protein whose amount was measured  \n(ii)Based on Figure 2,identify the protein(s)that when treated with Sec62 siRNA showed Point C2an increase in percent transport to the ER compared with the control.  \nExamp","cbCainJyrIZ1Hfxz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainJyrIZ1Hfxz","pdf",1440147,11,"English","# Free-Response Question 1\n## Scoring Guidelines\n## Student Samples\n## Scoring Commentary\n## Question 1: Interpreting and Evaluating Experimental Results\n### Part A: Ribosome function\n### Part B: Dependent variable and control justification\n### Part C: Independent variable and transport increases\n### Part D: Supporting claims from Figure 2","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the experiments comparing protein transport mechanisms?\",\"answer\":\"The experiments examine whether different secreted proteins are transported to the ER during translation or after translation, and how SR and Sec62 are required for each pathway.\"},{\"question\":\"In Figure 1, what is the dependent variable?\",\"answer\":\"The dependent variable is the relative amount of the specific ER membrane proteins (SR and Sec62 protein content), measured relative to the control siRNA group.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the researchers test which proteins show increased percent transport to the ER with Sec62 siRNA?\",\"answer\":\"They treat cells with either Sec62 siRNA or SR siRNA, then measure and calculate the percent transported relative to cells treated with control siRNA, using Figure 2 to determine which proteins increase under Sec62 siRNA treatment.\"}]","AP Biology - Question 1 - Interpreting and Evaluating Experimental Results | PDF",1790674921,28]