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Targeted therapies benefit only a molecularly selected minority, creating a need for additional options. This review summarizes evidence on antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) in BTCs, including searched studies from Embase and Ovid MEDLINE and selected clinical trials from ClinicalTrials.gov.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/antibody-drug-conjugates-and-their-potential-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-biliary-tract-cancer/338306/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/antibody-drug-conjugates-and-their-potential-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-biliary-tract-cancer/338306.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"River Wang","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) considered for biliary tract cancer patients?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"BTC outcomes are poor, especially at advanced stages, and targeted therapies apply only to a small molecular subgroup. ADCs are highlighted as a novel approach that may enhance cancer cell death while aiming to reduce side effects.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What evidence sources were used for the ADC review in biliary tract cancer?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Studies about antibody–drug conjugates, particularly in BTCs, were searched in Embase (1974 to 2024) and Ovid MEDLINE(R) (1946 to 2024). Current clinical trials using ADCs in BTCs were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.gov registry.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which ADC and biomarker are specifically discussed with survival benefit in the review?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The review emphasizes the anti-HER2 ADC trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-Dxd), which has shown survival benefit in HER2-positive tumors and includes a subgroup of biliary tract cancers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},338306,1790469060,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":31},1099514067438,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539ee87300030?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780474512215547542","cancers   \nReview  \nAntibody-Drug Conjugates and Their Potential in the Treatment of Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer  \nShaun Alexander 1,*, Umair Aleem 1, Timothy Jacobs 2, Melissa Frizziero 1, Victoria Foy 1, Richard A. Hubner 1 and Mairéad G. McNamara 3, *  \nCitation: Alexander, S.; Aleem, U.; Jacobs, T.; Frizziero, M.; Foy, V.; Hubner, R.A.; McNamara, M.G. Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Their Potential in the Treatment of Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer. Cancers 2024, 16, 3345. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/cancers16193345](10.3390/cancers16193345)  \nAcademic Editor: Alessandro Vitale  \nReceived: 31 August 2024  \nRevised: 16 September 2024  \nAccepted: 26 September 2024  \nPublished: 30 September 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK; [umair.aleem@hse.ie](umair.aleem@hse.ie) (U.A.); [melissa.frizziero@nhs.net](melissa.frizziero@nhs.net) (M.F.); [victoria.foy@nhs.net](victoria.foy@nhs.net) (V.F.); [richard.hubner@nhs.net](richard.hubner@nhs.net) (R.A.H.)  \n2 The Library, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK; [timothy.jacobs@nhs.net](timothy.jacobs@nhs.net)  \n3 Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK  \n* Correspondence: [shaun3298@hotmail.com](shaun3298@hotmail.com) (S.A.); [mairead.mcnamara@nhs.net](mairead.mcnamara@nhs.net) (M.G.M.)  \nSimple Summary: Survival for patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) is poor, especially in the advanced stage, where curative treatments are not available. While chemotherapy and immunotherapy are used in standard practice, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a novel therapy option. ADCs potentially enhance cancer cell death and reduce side effects. The anti-HER2 ADC Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T-Dxd) has shown survival benefit for patients whose tumours are HER2-positive, including a subgroup of BTCs. In April 2024, the regulatory authority FDA approved T-Dxd for adults with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive solid tumours, including BTCs, lacking other treatment options. Ongoing trials are exploring other potentially actionable BTC molecular alterations. This review will discuss the current evidence and ongoing research in this subject area.  \nAbstract: Background: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are aggressive in nature, often presenting asymptomatically until they are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Surgical resection or liver transplantation are potential curative options. However, a large proportion of patients present with incurable locally advanced or metastatic disease and most of these patients are only eligible for palliative chemotherapy or best supportive care. More recently, targeted therapies have proven beneficial in a molecularlyselected subgroup of patients with cholangiocarcinoma who have progressed on previous lines of systemic treatment. However, only a minority of patients with BTCs whose tumours harbour specific molecular alterations can access these therapies. Methods: In relation to ADCs, studies regarding use of antibody–drug conjugates in cancer, particularly in BTCs, were searched in Embase (1974 to 2024) and Ovid MEDLINE(R) (1946 to 2024) to obtain relevant articles. Examples of current clinical trials utilising ADC treatment in BTCs were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.gov trial registry. Conclusions: Overall, this review has highlighted that ADCs have shown encouraging outcomes in cancer therapy, and this should lead to further research including in BTCs, where treatment options","cbCaii3OQqyQfTkw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaii3OQqyQfTkw","pdf",1217768,"English","# 1. Introduction\n## Background on biliary tract cancers\n## Clinical challenges and treatment limitations\n# Simple Summary\n# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# 2. Methods\n## Search strategy and trial sources\n# 3. Conclusions\n## Rationale and future directions","[{\"question\":\"Why are antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) considered for biliary tract cancer patients?\",\"answer\":\"BTC outcomes are poor, especially at advanced stages, and targeted therapies apply only to a small molecular subgroup. ADCs are highlighted as a novel approach that may enhance cancer cell death while aiming to reduce side effects.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence sources were used for the ADC review in biliary tract cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Studies about antibody–drug conjugates, particularly in BTCs, were searched in Embase (1974 to 2024) and Ovid MEDLINE(R) (1946 to 2024). Current clinical trials using ADCs in BTCs were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.gov registry.\"},{\"question\":\"Which ADC and biomarker are specifically discussed with survival benefit in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review emphasizes the anti-HER2 ADC trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-Dxd), which has shown survival benefit in HER2-positive tumors and includes a subgroup of biliary tract cancers.\"}]","Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Their Potential in the Treatment of Patients with Biliary Tract Cancer | PDF",1790022978]