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It reviews public evidence of Soviet ABM deployment, U.S. budgetary and diplomatic responses, congressional pressure, and arguments from proponents and opponents. The report outlines proposed verified freezes, the role of major leaders and negotiations, and evaluates whether ABM deployment costs could yield real protection amid ongoing cold war nuclear risk.","EDITORIAL RESEARCH REPORTS  \n# NTI-MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS\n\nbyThomas C.Lyons,Jr.  \nPageCURRENT DEBATE ON ANTI-MISSILE SYSTEMS123Administration Effort to Avert New Arms Race123Pressure to Build Anti-Missile Defense System125Possible Soviet Reasons for ABM Deployment127Extent of the Nuclear Threat From Red China128  \nDEVELOPMENT OF THE MISSILE CoMPETITION130Advances in Missile Technology Prior to 1960130Origin of Missile Gap Campaign Issue of 1960131Soviet-American Offensive Missile Lineup Today133Operation of a Defensive Anti-Ballistic Missile134  \nAMERICAN MISSILES AND NATIONAL SECURITY136Arguments for Installing Costly ABM System136Military and Political Reasons for Opposition137Agonizing Alternatives in the Missile Dilemma138  \nNo.7  \nFeb.15  \nTHE right to make direct use of material con-tained in Editorial Research Reports is strictlyreserved to newspaper,magazine,radio and tele-vision clients of the service.Others wishing toquote from the Reports must first obtain writtenazthorization.  \nRICHARD M.BOECKE,Editor EmeritusWILLIAM B.DICKINSON,JR.,Editor  \n# ANTI-MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS\n\nRECONVENING of the Geneva Disarmament Conferenceon February 21 may afford opportunities to broadenand reinforce efforts already under way to ward off a newand extremely costly arms race between the United Statesand the Soviet Union.Defense Secretary Robert S.Mc-Namara told newsmen at the LBJ Ranch on Nov.10,1966,that this country had“considerable evidence”that theSoviets had begun to deploy an anti-ballistic missile(ABM)system.The predictable effect of the announcement was togenerate increased pressure in Congress and elsewhere toaccelerate the development of,and to deploy,a similarAmerican system.The Defense Department has estimatedthat full deployment of such a system would cost the UnitedStates up to $40 billion.Whether such an outlay would yielda corresponding degree of protection is a matter of intensecontroversy.  \nWhen U.S.Ambassador Llewellyn E.Thompson took uphis post in Moscow recently,it is believed that one of hismost urgent assignments was to attempt to convince theKremlin of the mutual advantages of concluding an agree-ment to stop competition in anti-missile defense systems.In his State of the Union address to Congress,Jan.10,President Johnson noted that the Russians had \"begun toplace near Moscow a limited anti-missile defense.\"But in-stead of proposing that the United States proceed to matchany Soviet ABM system,the President declared that \"Wehave the solemn duty to slow down the arms race betweenus,if that is at all possible,in both conventional and nuclearweapons and defenses.\"  \nDeputy Secretary of Defense Cyrus R.Vance told theDisarmament Subcommittee of the Senate Foreign RelationsCommittee,Feb.7,that exchanges at a high level indicatedSoviet interest in talking about limiting deployment ofABM missiles.Only two days later,at a news conference inLondon,Soviet Premier Alexei N.Kosygin seemed to throw  \nFeb.15,1967  \ncold water on hopes for an ABM moratorium.He acknowl-edged that\"an important problem of military policy\"wasinvolved,but instead of making a direct reply to questionson the subject,he asked:\"What heightens military tensionin the world more:an offensive or a defensive system?”Kosygin's only suggestion as to how to solve the problemwas to repeat the familiar Soviet call for a ban on all nucleararms and the destruction of existing stockpiles.Secretaryof State Rusk cautioned a few hours later against takingKosygin's remarks“as the last word on this subject.”Point-ing out that the Soviet Premier had referred to both offen-sive and defensive weapons,Rusk added that the UnitedStates was prepared to discuss both types with the SovietUnion.  \nThis country first asked Moscow to declare a moratoriumon development of ABM weapons in January 1964.A mes-sage from President Johnson to the Geneva DisarmamentConference said in part:\"The United States,the SovietUnion and their respective allies should agree to explore averified free","cbCaioRgUbNcH8AS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioRgUbNcH8AS","pdf",710633,"English","en",105,"# NTI-MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS\n# ANTI-MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS\n## RECONVENING of the Geneva Disarmament Conference\n## U.S. diplomatic efforts and Soviet responses","[{\"question\":\"What effect did the Defense Secretary’s announcement about Soviet ABM deployment have on U.S. policy?\",\"answer\":\"The announcement generated increased pressure in Congress and elsewhere to accelerate development and deployment of a similar American system. It also heightened debate over whether the cost would produce meaningful protection.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the U.S. seek to address ABM competition in diplomacy?\",\"answer\":\"The U.S. aimed to convince Moscow of the mutual advantages of concluding an agreement to stop competition in anti-missile defense systems. It also proposed a “verified freeze” on strategic offensive and defensive weapons.\"},{\"question\":\"Why did the Soviet leadership respond cautiously to hopes for an ABM moratorium?\",\"answer\":\"Soviet Premier Kosygin acknowledged a problem of military policy but redirected the issue to whether offensive or defensive systems increase tension. He repeated the call for a ban on nuclear arms and destruction of existing stockpiles, while others warned against treating these remarks as final.\"}]","ANTI-MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEMS - Editorial Research Reports | PDF",1789965948,{"code":4,"msg":80,"data":81},"ok",{"site_id":74,"language":73,"slug":82,"title":65,"keywords":83,"description":66,"schema_data":84,"social_meta":138,"head_meta":140,"extra_data":142,"updated_unix":143},"anti-missile-defense-systems-editorial-research-reports","",{"@graph":85,"@context":137},[86,100,120],{"@type":87,"itemListElement":88},"BreadcrumbList",[89,93,95,98],{"item":90,"name":91,"@type":92,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":94,"name":9,"@type":92,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":96,"name":40,"@type":92,"position":97},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":99,"name":65,"@type":92,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/anti-missile-defense-systems-editorial-research-reports/323709/",{"url":99,"name":65,"@type":101,"image":102,"author":107,"headline":65,"publisher":109,"fileFormat":112,"inLanguage":73,"description":66,"dateModified":113,"datePublished":114,"encodingFormat":112,"isAccessibleForFree":115,"interactionStatistic":116},"DigitalDocument",{"url":103,"@type":104,"width":105,"height":106},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/anti-missile-defense-systems-editorial-research-reports/323709.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":108},"Person",{"url":90,"name":110,"@type":111},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":117,"interactionType":118,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":119},"ViewAction",{"@type":121,"mainEntity":122},"FAQPage",[123,129,133],{"name":124,"@type":125,"acceptedAnswer":126},"What effect did the Defense Secretary’s announcement about Soviet ABM deployment have on U.S. policy?","Question",{"text":127,"@type":128},"The announcement generated increased pressure in Congress and elsewhere to accelerate development and deployment of a similar American system. It also heightened debate over whether the cost would produce meaningful protection.","Answer",{"name":130,"@type":125,"acceptedAnswer":131},"How did the U.S. seek to address ABM competition in diplomacy?",{"text":132,"@type":128},"The U.S. aimed to convince Moscow of the mutual advantages of concluding an agreement to stop competition in anti-missile defense systems. It also proposed a “verified freeze” on strategic offensive and defensive weapons.",{"name":134,"@type":125,"acceptedAnswer":135},"Why did the Soviet leadership respond cautiously to hopes for an ABM moratorium?",{"text":136,"@type":128},"Soviet Premier Kosygin acknowledged a problem of military policy but redirected the issue to whether offensive or defensive systems increase tension. He repeated the call for a ban on nuclear arms and destruction of existing stockpiles, while others warned against treating these remarks as final.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":99,"og:type":139,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":110,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":141,"canonical":99},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":74},1790440149]