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I.Title.QL768.S725  1993599'.09798-dc20  \n92-45130  \nCIP  \nContents  \n6 PREFACE  \n7 INTRODUCTION  \n13 MAMMALS,AMPHIBIANS,INVERTEBRATES  \n14 Invertebrates  \n16 Meadow Jumping Mouse18 Masked Shrew20 Tundra Vole22 Boreal Toad24 Wood Frog26 Collared Pika  \n28 Short-tailed Weasel andLeast Weasel30 Red Squirrel  \n32 Arctic Ground Squirrel34 Northern Flying Squirrel36 Mink38 Muskrat40 Hoary Marmot42 Marten44 Red Fox46 Arctic Fox48 Coyote50 Porcupine52 River Otter54 Lynx56 Mule Deer  \n58 Mountain Goat60 Wolverine62 Gray Wolf64 Dall Sheep66 Caribou68 Musk-0x70 Bison72Moose74Snowshoe Hare76 Beaver78 Sea Otter80 Black Bear82 Brown Bear85 BIRDS  \n86 Northern Junco88 Common Flicker90 Willow Ptarmigan92 Common Snipe94 Common Raven96Great Horned Owl98Canada Goose100Great Blue Heron102(Golden Eagle104 RECOMMENDEDREADING105 INDEX  \n## Preface\n\nMost people don't get a chance to observe animals in the wild,with theexceptions of road kills and a few nearly tame species in parks andcampgrounds.Many wild animals are nocturnal or scarce,and many areshy and secretive to avoid the attention of predators,or stealthy as theystalk their next meal.In addition,most wild creatures are extremely waryof humans either instinctively or because they've learned through experi-ence to be that way.We may catch fortuitous glimpses now and then,butfew of us have the time or motivation required for lengthy journeys intowild country for the sole purpose of locating animals.The result is thatareas where we would expect to see animals often seem practically devoidof wildlife.  \nThat’s rarely the case,of course.Actually,many animals residein or passthrough all reasonably wild habitats.Though we may not see them,theynevertheless leave indications of their passage.But for the most part suchsigns are obscure or confusing so that only the most experienced andknowledgeable wilderness travelers notice them.  \nThere’s one grand exception:animal tracks.Often readily apparent evento the most casual and inexperienced observer,tracks not only indicate thepresence of wild animals but can also be matched relatively easily with theanimals that made them.I guess that’s why I have been fascinated byanimal tracks since my childhood in rural New York,and why that focushas continued through two decades of wandering and searching for themin wild lands all across North America.  \nAnimal Tracks of Alaska is a compilation of eleven years of living inAlaska,and many miles of my own field work,protracted observations,sketching,photography,and researchintoamountain ofarticles andbookstoo numerous to list—and too heavy to carry into the backcountry.  \nAnimal tracks may be something you concern yourself with only whenyou happen upon them,or your interest in tracks may become nearlyobsessive.You may find yourself hiking with your chin resting securely onyour chest,feverishly scanning the ground for clues.You may seek outsnow because tracks show up on it better than most other surfaces.In theabsence of snow,you might find yourself altering your routes,avoiding  \nbedrockand ground cover,and s","cbCair1DrVTQKhQS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCair1DrVTQKhQS","pdf",3568700,116,"English","# Preface\n# Introduction\n## How to Use This Book\n# Mammals, Amphibians, Invertebrates\n## Invertebrates\n## BIRDS\n# Recommended Reading\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"Why are animal tracks important for observing wildlife in Alaska?\",\"answer\":\"Many wild animals are nocturnal, scarce, wary of humans, and difficult to see. Tracks remain as indications of passage and can be matched to the animals that made them.\"},{\"question\":\"How should you start when you find an unknown track?\",\"answer\":\"Look around the immediate area for the clearest imprint and enough detail for counting toes, examining the heel pad shape, and checking for claw marks.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book help distinguish mammals from birds tracks?\",\"answer\":\"After deciding what animal is most likely to have made the tracks, the guide directs you to the two main sections: mammals first, and a shorter section devoted entirely to birds.\"}]","ANIMAL TRACKS of Alaska - Preface, Introduction, and Mammal/Bird Track Identification Guide | PDF",1791870390,179]