[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-38564-en":3,"doc-seo-38564-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},38564,962075114101,"Seraphina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e000253a75eb197efd?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780044092746381165",8,"Research & Report","Anatomy of Torture","Anatomy of Torture by Ron E. Hassner examines whether torture “works” by contrasting popular expectations with empirical limits. The text argues that modern torture is hard to evaluate because contemporary cases are scarce and often classified, while historical evidence offers a clearer window. Drawing on extensive archival records of the Spanish Inquisition, the book analyzes how coercive and noncoercive interrogation produced information, why torture practices were adopted, and the social, political, and moral costs involved.","ANATOMY OF TORTURE  \nANATOMY OF TORTURE  \nRon E . Hassner  \nCORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON  \nCopyright © 2022 by Cornell University  \nAll rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. Visit our website at cornellpress. [cornell.edu](cornell.edu).  \nFirst published 2022 by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Hassner, Ron E. (Ron Eduard), author.  \nTitle: Anatomy of torture / Ron E. Hassner.  \nDescription: Ithaca [New York] : Cornell University Press, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.  \nIdentifiers: LCCN 2021033284 (print) | ISBN 9781501762031 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781501762048 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501762055 (pdf)  \nSubjects: LCSH: Torture—Spain—History. | Inquisition—Spain. | Torture—Mexico—Mexico City—History. | Inquisition—Mexico—Mexico City. Classification: LCC HV8599.S8 .H37 2022 (print) | LCC HV8599.S8 (ebook) |  \nDDC 364.6/750946—dc23  \nLC record available at [https://lccn.loc.gov/2021033284](https://lccn.loc.gov/2021033284)  \nLC ebook record available at [https://lccn.loc.gov/2021033285](https://lccn.loc.gov/2021033285)  \nCover image: The torture of Isabel Rodriguez. Detail from a lithograph, after a drawing by Primitivo Miranda, in El Libro Rojo (1870) by Vicente Riva Palacio.  \nIn memory of Carolyn Paxton (1948–2020) who loved truth, justice, and history, and cherished human worth and dignity  \n1. How Little We Know about Torture 1  \n2. Three Myths about the Spanish Inquisition 21  \n3. Learning to Torture: Ciudad Real (1484–1515) 38  \n4. Correlates of Torture: Toledo (1575–1610) 67  \n5. Exploratory Torture: Mexico City (1589–1591) 82  \n6. Corroborative Torture: Mexico City (1594–1601) 97  \n7. Lessons from the Spanish Inquisition 116  \nEpilogue: Ethics and the Study of Torture 143  \nAcknowledgments 153  \nNotes 157  \nIndex 179  \nANATOMY OF TORTURE  \n1  \nHOW LITTLE WE KNOW  \nABOUT TORTURE  \nDoes torture“work”? My answer will frustrate some readers and infuriate others. Those who believe that torture “doesn’t work” will read that torture has, at times, forced victims to divulge crucial and truthful information that they would not otherwise have revealed. On the other hand, those readers who regard torture tobe a quick and effective, if cruel, tool for addressing “ticking bomb” threats will learn that torture is slow and tends to provide fragmentary information even under optimal conditions. It also exacts a tremendous social, political, and moral cost. Bluntly put, torture “works” but not the way you think it does.  \nIt is impossible to assess the nature of modern torture. We know too little about contemporary cases, in the United States or elsewhere. Most of the information on recent US torture is classified and is likely to remain inaccessible for decades to come. Evidence from twentieth-century cases is equally sparse. Governments that have engaged in torture have not released comprehensive data that would permit a thorough analysis. Witness accounts are no less problematic. Victims and perpetrators alike are loath to share their experiences. Social science research on confrontational interrogation methods relies on analyses of police interrogations or on laboratory experiments, neither of which involve torture.  \nThere exists, however, an underutilized historical source that can shed significant light on the nature of torture. That source is the archives of the Spanish Inquisition. This book is the first to wield extensive data from the Inquisition in order to conduct a dispassionate empirical analysis of torture, its causes, characteristics, and effects. I analyze scores of manuscripts, drawn from key periods in the history of the Spanish Inquisition, to provide an anato","cbCaiiMgQX3cFUrq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiMgQX3cFUrq","pdf",5342724,1,188,"English","en",105,"# How Little We Know about Torture\n## Three Myths about the Spanish Inquisition\n## Learning to Torture: Ciudad Real (1484–1515)\n## Correlates of Torture: Toledo (1575–1610)\n## Exploratory Torture: Mexico City (1589–1591)\n## Corroborative Torture: Mexico City (1594–1601)\n## Lessons from the Spanish Inquisition\n# Epilogue: Ethics and the Study of Torture","[{\"question\":\"Does torture “work,” and how does the book explain its effects?\",\"answer\":\"The book states that torture works but not in the way many expect. It can force victims to divulge information, yet it is slow and often yields fragmentary details even under favorable conditions, with major social, political, and moral costs.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is it difficult to assess modern torture cases?\",\"answer\":\"Modern assessments are limited because contemporary cases in the United States and elsewhere are hard to access, with much information classified for decades. Twentieth-century evidence is also sparse, and witness accounts are hard to obtain or are reluctant to be shared.\"},{\"question\":\"What historical source does the author use to study torture empirically?\",\"answer\":\"The author uses extensive archival data from the Spanish Inquisition. The analysis draws on manuscripts from key periods to examine causes, characteristics, and effects of torture in an authoritarian setting with vast resources and, crucially, time to refine methods.\"}]",1783066115,474,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"anatomy-of-torture","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/anatomy-of-torture/38564/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-03",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"Does torture “work,” and how does the book explain its effects?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The book states that torture works but not in the way many expect. 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