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The review explains how sound enables communication, prey and predator detection, orientation and migration, and habitat selection, and how interference with biologically relevant sounds reduces individual and population performance. It surveys major human noise sources, from shipping and sonars to construction and energy activities, and outlines potential outcomes including hearing impairment, stress, behavioral change, masking, and possible injury. 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Sound supports functions such as prey/predator detection, orientation and migration, mating behavior, and habitat selection, often across long distances.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What kinds of impacts can anthropogenic sounds have on fishes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Very intense noise can cause mortal injury, while lower levels can still lead to temporary hearing impairment, stress-related physiological changes, behavioral shifts, and masking of biologically important signals.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does the paper aim to achieve?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper reviews potential effects of anthropogenic sounds on fishes and the likely consequences for populations and ecosystems. It also discusses the need for sound exposure criteria and relevant regulations, and reviews existing global guidelines.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},295829,1790490246,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909892115043,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13948  \nREVI EW PAP E R  \nAn overview of fish bioacoustics and the impacts of anthropogenic sounds on fishes *  \nArthur N. Popper1 | Anthony D. Hawkins2  \n1Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA 2Loughine Ltd., Aberdeen, UK  \nCorrespondence  \nArthur N. Popper, Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.  \nEmail: [apopper@umd.edu](apopper@umd.edu)  \nFishes use a variety of sensory systems to learn about their environments and to communicate. Of the various senses, hearing plays a particularly important role for fishes in providing information, often from great distances, from all around these animals. This information is in all three spatial dimensions, often overcoming the limitations of other senses such as vision, touch, taste and smell. Sound is used for communication between fishes, mating behaviour, the detection of prey and predators, orientation and migration and habitat selection. Thus, anything that interferes with the ability of a fish to detect and respond to biologically relevant sounds can decrease survival and fitness of individuals and populations.  \nSince the onset of the Industrial Revolution, there has been a growing increase in the noise that humans put into the water. These anthropogenic sounds are from a wide range of sources that include shipping, sonars, construction activities (e.g., wind farms, harbours), trawling, dredging and exploration for oil and gas. Anthropogenic sounds may be sufficiently intense to result in death or mortal injury. However, anthropogenic sounds at lower levels may result in temporary hearing impairment, physiological changes including stress effects, changes in behaviour or themasking of biologically important sounds.  \nThe intent of this paper is to review the potential effects of anthropogenic sounds upon fishes, the potential consequences for populations and ecosystems and the need to develop sound exposure criteria and relevant regulations. However, assuming that many readers may not have a background in fish bioacoustics, the paper first provides information on underwater acoustics, with a focus on introducing the very important concept of particle motion, the primary acoustic stimulus for all fishes, including elasmobranchs. The paper then provides background material on fish hearing, sound production and acoustic behaviour. This is followed by an overview of what is known about effects of anthropogenic sounds on fishes and considers the current guidelines and criteria being used world-wide to assess potential effects on fishes.  \nMost importantly, the paper provides the most complete summary of the effects of anthropogenic noise on fishes to date. It is also made clear that there are currently so many information gaps that it is almost impossible to reach clear conclusions on the nature and levels of anthropogenic sounds that have potential to cause changes in animal behaviour, or even result in physical harm. Further research is required on the responses of a range of fish species to different sound sources, under different conditions. There is a need both to examine the immediate effects of sound exposure and the longer-term effects, in terms of fitness and likely impacts upon populations.  \nKEYWORDS  \nbehaviour, criteria, effects, guidelines, hearing, sound  \n*This paper is dedicated to two long-time friends and colleagues, Colin Chapman and Richard R. Fay. Colin and Dick have been major contributors to our understanding of fish bioacoustics. Moreover, their work and their thinking has inspired many of the studies described in this review.  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Fish Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.  \n1 | IN","cbCait2vcGo3AT6q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCait2vcGo3AT6q","pdf",1846733,22,"English","# Introduction\n## Why hearing matters for fishes\n## Human-made underwater noise sources\n## Potential consequences for fish behavior and fitness","[{\"question\":\"Why is sound and hearing important for fishes?\",\"answer\":\"Fishes use hearing to acquire environmental information and to communicate. Sound supports functions such as prey/predator detection, orientation and migration, mating behavior, and habitat selection, often across long distances.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of impacts can anthropogenic sounds have on fishes?\",\"answer\":\"Very intense noise can cause mortal injury, while lower levels can still lead to temporary hearing impairment, stress-related physiological changes, behavioral shifts, and masking of biologically important signals.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the paper aim to achieve?\",\"answer\":\"The paper reviews potential effects of anthropogenic sounds on fishes and the likely consequences for populations and ecosystems. It also discusses the need for sound exposure criteria and relevant regulations, and reviews existing global guidelines.\"}]","An overview of fish bioacoustics and the impacts of anthropogenic sounds on fishes - review paper | PDF",1789724169,55]