[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-443202-105":59,"doc-detail-443202-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","an-invasive-aspergillus-flavus-infection-in-an-extremely-preterm-neonate-a-case-report","An invasive Aspergillus flavus infection in an extremely preterm neonate - a case report","","Extremely preterm neonates are at heightened risk for invasive fungal infections. A fatal case of Aspergillus flavus infection is described in a 25-week infant, including the clinical course and antifungal therapy, and the practical management challenges in the NICU. The report emphasizes early recognition, timely biopsy, and aggressive treatment strategies for neonates. It also highlights how rapidly progressing disease can complicate care and decision-making.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-invasive-aspergillus-flavus-infection-in-an-extremely-preterm-neonate-a-case-report/443202/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-invasive-aspergillus-flavus-infection-in-an-extremely-preterm-neonate-a-case-report/443202.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Emma Wilson","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What makes extremely preterm neonates vulnerable to invasive fungal infections?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Extremely preterm birth and related clinical exposures create a heightened risk for invasive fungal infections. The article lists risk factors such as extreme prematurity, low birth weight, prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics, and lipid emulsion infusions.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the patient’s Aspergillus flavus infection identified and treated?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"After rapidly progressing skin findings, prompt biopsy and extensive surgical debridement were performed. Antifungal therapy was escalated: liposomal amphotericin B was used first, then MALDI-TOF identification led to switching to voriconazole, with micafungin added during deterioration.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the major clinical complications in this case?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Despite aggressive management, the infant developed worsening clinical status and intracranial angioinvasive complications, with head ultrasound showing progressive cerebral infarctions and hemorrhagic transformation before transition to comfort care.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},443202,1790766370,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":52},3848291630094,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Medical Mycology Case Reports 51 (2026) 100757  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nMedical Mycology Case Reports  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mmcr)[ www.elsevier.com/locate/mmcr](homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mmcr)  \n| An invasive Aspergillus flavus infection in an extremely preterm neonate: a case report\u003Cbr>Neema Pithiaa , Margie Morgan b, Thea Tagliaferroc , Priya R. Soni d,* \u003Cbr>a Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA b Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USAc Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children’s, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA\u003Cbr>d Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children’s, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| A R T I C L E I N F O |  | A B S T R A C T |\n| Keywords:\u003Cbr>Neonatal fungal infection\u003Cbr>Aspergillus flavus\u003Cbr>Disseminated fungal infection\u003Cbr>Nosocomial fungal infection\u003Cbr>NICU infection control\u003Cbr>Extremely preterm infant\u003Cbr>Angioinvasive fungi\u003Cbr>Neonatal sepsis |  | Extremely preterm neonates are at heightened risk for invasive fungal infections. We report a fatal case of Aspergillus flavus infection in a 25-week infant, outlining the clinical course, antifungal treatment, and challenges in management. This case highlights the need for early recognition, rapid biopsy and aggressive therapy invulnerable neonates. |\n\n1. Introduction  \nInvasive fungal infections (IFIs) in neonates are rare but often devastating. Candida species remain the most common pathogens; however, cases of neonatal aspergillosis have been reported [1]. Aspergillus species are ubiquitous molds present in soil, plants, air and food [1]. Aspergillus fumigatus is the predominant cause of neonatal disease, with A. flavus and A. niger reported less frequently. Risk factors for IFIs include extreme prematurity, birth weight ≤1000g, prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics, and infusion of lipid emulsions [1]. Unique to Aspergillus species, outbreaks have been linked to hospital construction and spore carriage on synthetic materials [2]. Experimental models suggest A. flavus may be more virulent than A. fumigatus [3].  \n2. Case presentation  \nThe patient was a diamniotic monochorionic twin born via emergent caesarean section at 25 weeks and 2 days gestation for maternal preeclampsia with severe features. The amniotic fluid was clear with no prolonged rupture of membranes. Maternal prenatal labs were unremarkable. At birth, the infant was intubated in the delivery room and quickly managed with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. She  \nreceived two doses of surfactant and parenteral nutrition with lipids via a central line. Empiric ampicillin and gentamicin were administered for 36 hours.  \nOn day of life six, a small ecchymosis appeared on the right flank, progressing rapidly over 6–12 hours to involve the entire back. We will define this as Day 0 (D0) of disease presentation (Fig. 1). She was emergently transferred to a level IV NICU for access to surgical services due to concern for possible invasive infection. A wound culture obtained prior to transfer showed no organisms on gram stain and no fungal growth on culture. Labs at that time revealed WBC 21.1 x 10^3/μL, platelets 146 x 10^3/μL and CRP 4.5 mg/L. She was started on broad spectrum antibiotics as well as liposomal amphotericin B 10mg/kg daily after transfer. Frozen section biopsy performed promptly after transfer demonstrated fungal elements concerning for Rhizopus and Aspergillus. Extensive and prompt surgical debridement of the back was performed within 6 hours of transfer, with four additional debridements on day one and two of disease presentation (D1 and D2). Antibiotics were discontinued on D2.  \nDespite aggressive management, her status w","cbCaiohO2JF2MuIc","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiohO2JF2MuIc","pdf",1924266,"English","# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Case presentation","[{\"question\":\"What makes extremely preterm neonates vulnerable to invasive fungal infections?\",\"answer\":\"Extremely preterm birth and related clinical exposures create a heightened risk for invasive fungal infections. The article lists risk factors such as extreme prematurity, low birth weight, prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics, and lipid emulsion infusions.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the patient’s Aspergillus flavus infection identified and treated?\",\"answer\":\"After rapidly progressing skin findings, prompt biopsy and extensive surgical debridement were performed. Antifungal therapy was escalated: liposomal amphotericin B was used first, then MALDI-TOF identification led to switching to voriconazole, with micafungin added during deterioration.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the major clinical complications in this case?\",\"answer\":\"Despite aggressive management, the infant developed worsening clinical status and intracranial angioinvasive complications, with head ultrasound showing progressive cerebral infarctions and hemorrhagic transformation before transition to comfort care.\"}]","An invasive Aspergillus flavus infection in an extremely preterm neonate - a case report | PDF",1790703271]