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The work describes a web-based tool, AutoTutor, and explains challenges encountered when designing, developing, and implementing it in adult literacy classrooms. The discussion covers instructional strategy needs, learner differences in comprehension knowledge and application, and delivery constraints caused by inconsistent attendance. It also details how the system supports reading comprehension through structured lessons and interactive practice.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-intelligent-tutoring-system-for-adult-literacy-learners-lessons-for-practitioners/589220/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-intelligent-tutoring-system-for-adult-literacy-learners-lessons-for-practitioners/589220.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Đào","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does AutoTutor aim to address for adult literacy learners?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"AutoTutor is designed to provide supplemental reading comprehension instruction for adults who struggle, targeting key comprehension strategy categories that are difficult to teach and practice effectively in adult literacy settings.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How long do AutoTutor lessons take and what support do learners receive?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Each of the 30 lessons takes between 20 and 55 minutes. Most lessons are preceded by an optional 2-minute video that previews key concepts covered in the lesson.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What kinds of reading comprehension strategies does AutoTutor teach?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"AutoTutor teaches five categories of reading comprehension strategies: predicting purpose, acquiring vocabulary, clarifying sources of confusion, evaluating and elaborating, and summarizing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},589220,1792167765,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","ADULT LITERACY EDUCATION WINTER 2023  \n| [http://doi.org/10.35847/DGreenberg.CMiller.AGraesser.5.1.36](http://doi.org/10.35847/DGreenberg.CMiller.AGraesser.5.1.36) |  |\n| --- | --- |\n|  | Report from the Field |\n\nAn Intelligent Tutoring System for Adult Literacy Learners: Lessons for Practitioners  \nDaphne Greenberg, Georgia State University Christine Miller, Georgia State University Arthur C. Graesser, University of Memphis  \nAcknowledgment: The information reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES), U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R305C120001 Georgia State University. In addition, through new funding granted by IES (R305A200413) AutoTutor is currently being refined to be a stand-alone comprehension practice tool. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education.  \nAbstract  \nThis article is written by two researchers and a teacher involved with the development and implementation of a web-based intelligent tutoring system for adults reading at elementary levels. A description of the tool is provided, followed by some of the challenges faced in designing, developing, and using the tool in adult literacy classrooms.  \nKeywords: digital literacy tools, adult basic education, reading comprehension, intelligent tutoring systems  \nTeaching reading comprehension to adults can be daunting because it is a multi-faceted activity involving many underlying processes, including vocabulary, background knowledge, memory, and reasoning (Greenberg et al. , 2017) . Many instructors do not have in-depth knowledge of key comprehension strategies and/or do not have the training on how to effectively teach these strategies (National Reading Council, 2012) . Compounding these issues is that while learners may score similarly on the Tests of Adult Basic Education (TABE; 2019), their underlying knowledge and application of comprehension strategies to complicated text may vary from one  \nlearner to another. Finally, many learners have trouble attending class on a consistent basis (Greenberg et al. , 2013) which makes it difficult to deliver the continuous instruction necessary for developing reading comprehension skills. Within this context, AutoTutor was designed as a supplemental reading comprehension instructional digital tool for adults. Specifically, it was created by researchers as part of an intervention study (Grant R305C120001) that included group face-to-face reading instruction interweaved with independent AutoTutor lessons. Our sample included adults identified as reading between the third and eighth grade levels by their  \nCorrespondence: [dgreenberg@gsu.edu](dgreenberg@gsu.edu) 36  \nadult education programs in the metro-Atlanta and metro-Toronto areas .  \nThere is precedence for using instructional apps for teaching reading comprehension strategies with various populations such as children and nonnative English speakers (e.g. , Klimova & Zamborova, 2020; McCarthy et al. , 2020) . In the past two decades, there has been an increase of digital tools used with adult literacy learners (Dixon, 2020) . However, compared to other populations, there is a paucity of digital tools specifically designed for adult learners (Graesseret al. , 2019) . In addition, the poor infrastructure of many adult basic education programs makes incorporating technology a challenge (Rosen & Vanek, 2017) . This article, written by two researchers and a teacher, describes the development and implementation of a digital tool that takes into consideration the needs of adult learners and the infrastructure of adult basic education programs. We hope that the descriptions of our experiences will conjure issues for practitioners to consider when making decisions about classroom digital tool use .  \nDescription of AutoTutor  \nAutoTutor is a web-based tool with 30 lessons teaching five categories of reading comprehension strategies known to be problematic f","cbCaibOdEw7VWr3J","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibOdEw7VWr3J","pdf",276192,"English","# Abstract\n# Teaching Reading Comprehension to Adults\n# Description of AutoTutor\n# Adult Learners and Their Instructors","[{\"question\":\"What problem does AutoTutor aim to address for adult literacy learners?\",\"answer\":\"AutoTutor is designed to provide supplemental reading comprehension instruction for adults who struggle, targeting key comprehension strategy categories that are difficult to teach and practice effectively in adult literacy settings.\"},{\"question\":\"How long do AutoTutor lessons take and what support do learners receive?\",\"answer\":\"Each of the 30 lessons takes between 20 and 55 minutes. Most lessons are preceded by an optional 2-minute video that previews key concepts covered in the lesson.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of reading comprehension strategies does AutoTutor teach?\",\"answer\":\"AutoTutor teaches five categories of reading comprehension strategies: predicting purpose, acquiring vocabulary, clarifying sources of confusion, evaluating and elaborating, and summarizing.\"}]","An Intelligent Tutoring System for Adult Literacy Learners - Lessons for Practitioners | PDF",1792066779,18]