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These policy guidance documents connect to topics educational researchers study, yet there is limited empirical knowledge on how researchers use OCR guidance and how OCR guidance is explicitly informed by research, motivating an examination of this bidirectional relationship.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-examination-of-the-bidirectional-relationship-between-federal-civil-rights-guidance-and-research-601963/601963/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-examination-of-the-bidirectional-relationship-between-federal-civil-rights-guidance-and-research-601963/601963.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"CatatanPagi","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main purpose?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To examine the bidirectional relationship between federal civil rights policy guidance issued by OCR and research used by researchers and reflected in OCR guidance.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the study ask scholars use OCR guidance?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It asks how often and in what ways scholars explicitly use OCR policy guidance to inform their research, and what characteristics the resulting research has.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the study evaluate OCR’s use of research?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It asks how often and in what ways OCR explicitly uses research to inform policy guidance, including the characteristics of the research cited in OCR guidance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601963,1792659983,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":36,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090894170,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","education policy analysis archives  \nA peer-reviewed, independent, open access, multilingual journal  \nArizona State University  \nVolume 28 Number 104 July 13 , 2020 ISSN 1068-2341  \nAn Examination of the Bidirectional Relationship Between Federal Civil Rights Guidance and Research  \nMaria M. Lewis  \n&  \nSarah Kern  \nPennsylvania State University  \nUnited States  \nCitation: Lewis, M. M., & Kern, S. (2020) . An examination of the bidirectional relationship between federal civil rights guidance and research. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 28(104) .  \n[https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.28.4975](https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.28.4975)  \nAbstract: As the primary agency responsible for enforcing federal civil rights laws in the educational context, the U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights (OCR) issues policy guidance to help ensure that school districts and universities understand their legal obligations. These policy guidance documents have direct connections to topics studied by educational researchers (e.g., disproportionality in special education, race conscious admissions policies in higher education, transgender student inclusion, etc.) . However, we do not have an empirical understanding of how this guidance is used by the research community. Nor do we have a strong grasp on the extent to which this guidance is explicitly informed by research. It is important to acquire an empirical understanding of the bidirectional relationship between research and educational policy in the context of civil rights enforcement in order to determine areas of strength and those in need of improvement. Specifically, this study poses the following research questions: 1) How often and in what ways do scholars explicitly use OCR policy guidance to inform their research? What are the characteristics of this research? 2) Conversely, how often and in what ways does OCR explicitly use research to inform policy guidance? What are the characteristics of research cited in OCR guidance?  \nKeywords: education policy; civil rights; research use; education law  \nJournal website: [http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/](http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/)  \nFacebook: /EPAAA  \nTwitter: @epaa_aape  \nManuscript received: 1/20/2020  \nRevisions received: 4/22/2020  \nAccepted: 4/28/2020  \nUn examen de la relación bidireccional entre la orientación y la investigación de los derechos civiles federales  \nResumen: Como la agencia principal responsable de hacer cumplir las leyes federales de derechos civiles en el contexto educativo, la Oficina de Derechos Civiles (OCR) del Departamento de Educación de EE. UU. Emite una guía de políticas para ayudar agarantizar que los distritos escolares y las universidades entiendan sus obligaciones legales. Estos documentos de orientación política tienen conexiones directas con temas estudiadospor investigadores educativos (por ejemplo, desproporcionalidad en educación especial, políticas de admisión con conciencia racial en la educación superior, inclusión de estudiantes transgénero, etc.) . Sin embargo, no tenemos una comprensión empírica decómo esta guía es utilizada por la comunidad investigadora. Tampoco tenemos una comprensión sólida de la medida en que esta guía está explícitamente informada por la investigación. Es importante adquirir una comprensión empírica de la relación bidireccional entre la investigación y la política educativa en el contexto de la aplicación delos derechos civiles a fin de determinar las áreas de fortaleza y las que necesitan mejoras. Específicamente, este estudio plantea las siguientes preguntas de investigación: 1) ¿Conqué frecuencia y de qué manera los académicos usan explícitamente la guía de políticas de OCR para informar su investigación? ¿Cuáles son las características de esta investigación?  \n2) Por el contrario, ¿con qué frecuencia y de qué manera la OCR utiliza explícitamente la investigación para informar la orientación política? ¿Cuáles son las características de la investigación citadas en la guía","cbCaioeaKCOOq7On","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioeaKCOOq7On","pdf",623953,"English","# Abstract\n## Research Questions","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main purpose?\",\"answer\":\"To examine the bidirectional relationship between federal civil rights policy guidance issued by OCR and research used by researchers and reflected in OCR guidance.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study ask scholars use OCR guidance?\",\"answer\":\"It asks how often and in what ways scholars explicitly use OCR policy guidance to inform their research, and what characteristics the resulting research has.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study evaluate OCR’s use of research?\",\"answer\":\"It asks how often and in what ways OCR explicitly uses research to inform policy guidance, including the characteristics of the research cited in OCR guidance.\"}]","An Examination of the Bidirectional Relationship Between Federal Civil Rights Guidance and Research | PDF",1792093776,101]