[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-595014-105":59,"doc-detail-595014-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","an-empirical-study-on-the-impact-of-individual-local-political-elites-and-decision-making-collective-on-educational-fiscal-expenditure-in-china","An Empirical Study on the Impact of Individual Local Political Elites and Decision-Making Collective on Educational Fiscal Expenditure in China","","Under China’s decentralization system, this study examines how individual traits of local political elites and collective traits of local party standing committees influence education fiscal expenditure. Prior research has not adequately compared collective standing-committee influence with individual elite influence. Using cross-sectional data from 283 prefecture-level units in 2015, the paper builds multiple regression models and finds both elite and committee effects are significant, with the collective committee influence stronger.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-empirical-study-on-the-impact-of-individual-local-political-elites-and-decision-making-collective-on-educational-fiscal-expenditure-in-china/595014/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-empirical-study-on-the-impact-of-individual-local-political-elites-and-decision-making-collective-on-educational-fiscal-expenditure-in-china/595014.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mary Man","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What relationships does the study investigate regarding education spending?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It investigates how individual characteristics of local political elites and collective characteristics of local party standing committees affect local education fiscal expenditure.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the study focus on comparing individual versus collective influence?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Because existing research lacks clear comparisons between the collective influence of standing committees and the individual influence of political elites.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does the empirical analysis conclude about their effects?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Both political elites and standing committees have significant impacts on education fiscal expenditure, and the committee’s influence is greater than that of the individual elites.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},595014,1792231974,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7421720224475,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","An Empirical Study on the Impact of Individual Local Political Elites and Decision-Making Collective on Educational Fiscal Expenditure in China  \nRu Cai, Xinping Zhang  \nNanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210024, China  \nAbstract. Under the current decentralization system in China, individual characteristics of the local political elites and collective characteristics of the standing committees of the local party have an impact on local education fiscal policy. Yet published research on the similarities and differences between the collective influence of the Standing committee and the individual influence of the political elite are lacking. To address this gap in the literature, our study discussed the impact of local political elites represented by the mayor and the secretary and the collective of standing committees of the local party on education fiscal expenditure. We construct multiple regression models and analyze the R2 Change of variables is based on the cross-sectional data from 2015 of 283 prefecture-level administrative units in China. We find that both political elites and the standing committees have significant impacts on fiscal expenditure in education, and that the influence of the latter is greater than that of the former. The effect of individual characteristics and collective characteristics on education fiscal expenditure is not completely consistent across prefectures. China's prefectural governments implement China's unique principle of democratic centralism when they make decisions on local spending for education and the collective decision-making under the leadership of the committee plays an important role in education fiscal expenditure. Based on this, we put forward policy suggestions to further develop the principle of democratic centralism and to optimize optimizing the local government education supply and evaluation mechanism.  \nBest Evidence in Chinese Education 2021; 7(2):961-985.  \nDoi: 10.15354/bece.21.or023.  \nHow to Cite: Cai, R., & Zhang, X. (2021). An empirical study on the impact ofindividual local political elites and decision-making collective on educational fiscal expenditure in China. Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 7(2):961-985.  \nKeywords: Official Personal Characteristics; Collective Characteristics of Standing Committee of Local Party; Democratic Centralism; Education Fiscal Expenditure  \nAbout the Authors: Ru Cai, Doctorate Candidate, School of Educational Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.  \n122, Ninghai Rd., Nanjing 210024, [China. Email: 924654819@qq.com](China. Email: 924654819@qq.com).  \nCorrespondence to: Xinping Zhang, Ph.D., Professor, School of Educational Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 122, Ninghai Rd., Nanjing 210024, China. Email: [403265357@qq.com](403265357@qq.com).  \nFunding: This paper is funded by The Key Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research of Ministry of Education in 2020 “Research on Evaluation Index System of High Quality Development of Education”(20JZD053). It is also A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).  \nConflict of Interests: None.  \n© 2021 Insights Publisher. All rights reserved.  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Crea  \ntive Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by](http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by)nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed by the Insights Publisher.  \nIntroduction  \nITH decentralization  \nWunmiaquinsetrinceeamntivWeesstaendrn  \nreform in China, Chinese local governments face constraints given their institutional design. As a result, fiscal decentralization theory provides little insight  \ninto China’s problems, leading Yingyi Qian (1996) and others to argue that Chinese decentralization system design diffe","cbCaivqrsTYRnh7a","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivqrsTYRnh7a","pdf",656958,25,"English","# Introduction\n## Decentralization and fiscal governance constraints\n## Individual officials and local governance behavior\n# Method and Data\n## Regression modeling approach\n## Cross-sectional data from 2015","[{\"question\":\"What relationships does the study investigate regarding education spending?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates how individual characteristics of local political elites and collective characteristics of local party standing committees affect local education fiscal expenditure.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the study focus on comparing individual versus collective influence?\",\"answer\":\"Because existing research lacks clear comparisons between the collective influence of standing committees and the individual influence of political elites.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the empirical analysis conclude about their effects?\",\"answer\":\"Both political elites and standing committees have significant impacts on education fiscal expenditure, and the committee’s influence is greater than that of the individual elites.\"}]","An Empirical Study on the Impact of Individual Local Political Elites and Decision-Making Collective on Educational Fiscal Expenditure in China | PDF",1792080274,63]