[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-332058-105":59,"doc-detail-332058-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","an-emerging-strategy-probiotics-enhance-the-effectiveness-of-tumor-immunotherapy-via-mediating-the-gut-microbiome","An emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome","","Tumor occurrence and progression often coincide with disruptions in the gut microbiota, while mounting evidence shows that gut microbiota can shape cancer initiation and development by modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) for both local and distant sites. The review argues that probiotics, which generally promote a healthier gut microbiota, may synergize with cancer immunotherapy by activating immune responses that suppress tumor growth. It highlights recent advances and mechanisms linking probiotics, gut microbiome changes, and improved immunotherapy efficacy, aiming to support novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-emerging-strategy-probiotics-enhance-the-effectiveness-of-tumor-immunotherapy-via-mediating-the-gut-microbiome/332058/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-emerging-strategy-probiotics-enhance-the-effectiveness-of-tumor-immunotherapy-via-mediating-the-gut-microbiome/332058.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aurora","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the gut microbiota relate to tumor progression?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Tumor progression is often accompanied by disturbances in the gut microbiota, and the gut microbiota can influence cancer initiation and development by affecting the tumor microenvironment (TME).","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role do probiotics play in cancer immunotherapy?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Probiotics can modulate the gut microbiota and enhance intestinal immune function, contributing to stronger immune activation against tumor growth and potentially improving immunotherapy outcomes.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does the review aim to provide?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review synthesizes interactions among probiotics, gut microbiota, and cancer, emphasizing mechanisms and recent advances that explain how probiotics may improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},332058,1790463457,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},4810365810221,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","REVIEW  \nAn emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome  \nShuaiming Jiang a, Wenyao Maa, Chenchen Mab, Zeng Zhanga, Wanli Zhanga, and Jiachao Zhang a  \naSchool of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China; bDepartment of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, PR China  \nABSTRACT  \nThe occurrence and progression of tumors are often accompanied by disruptions in the gut microbiota. Inversely, the impact of the gut microbiota on the initiation and progression of cancer is becoming increasingly evident, influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME) for both local and distant tumors. Moreover, it is even suggested to play a significant role in the process of tumor immunotherapy, contributing to high specificity in therapeutic outcomes and long-term effectiveness across various cancer types. Probiotics, with their generally positive influence on the gut microbiota, may serve as effective agents in synergizing cancer immunotherapy. They play a crucial role in activating the immune system to inhibit tumor growth. In summary, this comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights into the dynamic interactions between probiotics, gut microbiota, and cancer. Furthermore, we highlight recent advances and mechanisms in using probiotics to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. By understanding these complex relationships, we may unlock innovative approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment while optimizing the effects of immunotherapy.  \nARTICLE HISTORY  \nReceived 29 January 2024 Revised 31 March 2024 Accepted 8 April 2024  \nKEYWORDS  \nProbiotics; tumor immunotherapy; gut microbiome; tumor microenvironment; tumor microbiome  \nCONTACT Wanli Zhang  [zwl@hainanu.edu.cn](zwl@hainanu.edu.cn); Jiachao Zhang  jiachao@hainanu.edu.cn  School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China  \n© 2024 The Author(s) . Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.  \nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.  \n2  S. JIANG ET AL.  \n1. Introduction  \nThe complex interplay between the gut microbiota and human well-being has recently emerged asa captivating area of research. Tumors arise and progress in individuals with compromised immune function, where the immune system fails to recognize and eliminate abnormal cells. This process is also accompanied by disturbances in the gut microbiota. 1 Numerous studies have shown notable variations in gut microbiota between healthy individuals and cancer patients, with unique microbial signatures observed among various cancer groups. Inversely, the impact of the gut microbiota on the onset and growth of cancer is increasingly clear,2,3 affecting the tumor microenvironment (TME) and impacting both local and distant tumors (Figure 1) . Tumor immunotherapy is an approach to treatment that stimulates the body’s tumor-specific immune responses to harness their inhibitory and cytotoxic functions against cancer cells, which has been rapidly developed and garnered attention due to its high specificity and potential for long-term effectiveness.4 However, the major limitation of tumor immunotherapy is that it does not work for all cancer patients. Substantial evidence has demonstrated that among various types of cancer, some individuals may not show significant treatment responses to ICIs and have side effects due to intestinal microorganisms.5  \nWithin this context, as benefic","cbCaielNnPWi6OAh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaielNnPWi6OAh","pdf",4388350,31,"English","# Introduction\n# Gut microbiome and probiotics","[{\"question\":\"How does the gut microbiota relate to tumor progression?\",\"answer\":\"Tumor progression is often accompanied by disturbances in the gut microbiota, and the gut microbiota can influence cancer initiation and development by affecting the tumor microenvironment (TME).\"},{\"question\":\"What role do probiotics play in cancer immunotherapy?\",\"answer\":\"Probiotics can modulate the gut microbiota and enhance intestinal immune function, contributing to stronger immune activation against tumor growth and potentially improving immunotherapy outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review aim to provide?\",\"answer\":\"The review synthesizes interactions among probiotics, gut microbiota, and cancer, emphasizing mechanisms and recent advances that explain how probiotics may improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.\"}]","An emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome | PDF",1789996530,78]