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It addresses how clinician communication can shape diabetes-related stigma, potentially affecting experiences and glycaemic goal attainment. Using two vignette versions—stigmatizing vs stigma-free—participants viewed the video and were interviewed, with transcripts analyzed via a qualitative descriptive approach. Three themes emerged around alignment with beliefs, reduced stigmatizing language, and increased stigma-free language.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-educational-video-to-promote-the-use-of-stigma-free-language-by-primary-care-clinicians-in-interactions-with-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-a-qualitative-study/458267/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-educational-video-to-promote-the-use-of-stigma-free-language-by-primary-care-clinicians-in-interactions-with-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-a-qualitative-study/458267.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Connor ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s main objective?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To explore the acceptability of an educational video among primary care clinicians to promote stigma-free language in interactions with adults with type 2 diabetes.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the educational video designed for the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The video presented two versions of a vignette where a nurse practitioner interacts with an adult with T2D—one using stigmatizing language and the other using stigma-free language, with a narrator highlighting linguistic differences.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Who participated and how were data collected?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants were recruited via professional networks and online forums, viewed the video, and then participated in semi-structured interviews via Zoom.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},458267,1790809592,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},687207022233,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Primary Health Care Research & Development  \n[cambridge.org/phc](cambridge.org/phc)  \nResearch  \nCite this article: Joiner K, Agapiou A, Dickinson JK, Adams M, Piatt G. (2026) An educational video to promote the use of stigma-free language by primary care clinicians in interactions with adults with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study. Primary Health Care Research & Development 27(e5): 1–7.  \ndoi: 10. 1017/S1463423625100728  \nReceived: 30 May 2025  \nRevised: 22 September 2025  \nAccepted: 17 October 2025  \nKeywords:  \ndiabetes; primary care; stigma  \nCorresponding author:  \nKevin Joiner; Email: [kljoiner@umich.edu](kljoiner@umich.edu)  \n© The Author(s), 2026 . Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.  \nAn educational video to promote the use of stigma-free language by primary care clinicians in interactions with adults with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study  \n\n| Kevin Joiner1 , Alexandra Agapiou2 and Gretchen Piatt4,5  | , Jane K. Dickinson3 | , Mackenzie Adams1  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n1Department of Health Behavior and Clinical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 2Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 3Department of Health & Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; 4Department of Learning Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and 5School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA  \nAbstract  \nAim: The aim of this study was to explore the acceptability of an educational video among primary care clinicians as a tool to promote the use of stigma-free language in interactions with individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) . Background: The language used by primary care clinicians in interactions with adults living with T2D can contribute to perceptions and experiences of diabetes-related stigma and be a barrier to achieving and sustaining glycaemic targets. In 2017, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the Association for Diabetes Care & Education Specialists (ADCES) issued a guidance paper with recommendations to promote stigma-free communication about diabetes. Methods: The educational video, developed by the research team, presents two versions of a vignette in which a nurse practitioner interacts with an adult with T2D in a primary care setting. The first version of the vignette features the nurse practitioner using stigmatizing language as outlined in the ADA and ADCES guidance paper; the second demonstrates the use of stigma-free language by the nurse practitioner. A narrator highlights the linguistic differences. The study participants, comprising physicians (n = 8), nurse practitioners (n = 9), and physician assistants (n = 1), were recruited through professional networks and via online forums and listservs for healthcare professionals. Participants viewed the educational video and were interviewed via Zoom by a research team member using a semi-structured interview guide. The transcripts of the interviews were analysed using a qualitative descriptive approach. Findings: Three main themes emerged from the data: aligning video content with existing attitudes and beliefs, reducing the use of stigmatizing language, and increasing the use of stigma-free language. Findings suggest that an educational video promoting the use of stigma-free language in interactions with adults with T2D is acceptable among primary care clinicians.  \nIntroduction  \nApproximately11.6 percent of adults in the U.S. are living with diabetes, 29.4 million adults have been diagnosed, and 8.7 million adults remain undiagno","cbCaik3lgNXRwXb1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaik3lgNXRwXb1","pdf",245844,"English","# Abstract\n## Aim\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Findings\n# Introduction\n## Diabetes prevalence and relevance\n## Communication and diabetes-related stigma\n## Effects of stigmatizing language on trust and engagement","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s main objective?\",\"answer\":\"To explore the acceptability of an educational video among primary care clinicians to promote stigma-free language in interactions with adults with type 2 diabetes.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the educational video designed for the study?\",\"answer\":\"The video presented two versions of a vignette where a nurse practitioner interacts with an adult with T2D—one using stigmatizing language and the other using stigma-free language, with a narrator highlighting linguistic differences.\"},{\"question\":\"Who participated and how were data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants were recruited via professional networks and online forums, viewed the video, and then participated in semi-structured interviews via Zoom.\"}]","An educational video to promote the use of stigma-free language by primary care clinicians in interactions with adults with type 2 diabetes - a qualitative study | PDF",1790752396,18]