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Drawing on multiple interviews with six African American students, the study identifies support for some elements of the theory while finding limitations for others. The paper frames the achievement gap through prior work on Ogbu and Fordham, reviews related literature and hypotheses, and uses local performance, test, and discipline patterns to motivate intervention planning.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/an-analysis-of-oppositional-culture-theory-applied-to-one-suburban-midwestern-high-school/601758/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/an-analysis-of-oppositional-culture-theory-applied-to-one-suburban-midwestern-high-school/601758.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"ahduag","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What gap does the study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It focuses on the achievement gap between White and Black students in the United States, framed as a long-standing issue with unclear causes.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What theory is examined and how?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study examines Ogbu and Fordham’s Oppositional Culture Theory by evaluating whether its tenets apply to African American high school students at one suburban Midwestern high school through qualitative interviews.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the findings suggest about the theory’s applicability?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study found support for some aspects of the theory but not for others, indicating partial applicability in the specific research setting.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601758,1792167797,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},3985747870414,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","An Analysis of Oppositional Culture Theory Applied to One Suburban Midwestern High School  \nThis manuscript has been peer-reviewed, accepted, and endorsed by the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA) as a significant contribution to the scholarship and practice of  \nschool administration and K-12 education.  \nTricia Blackard  \nLaurel Puchner  \nAlison Reeves  \nSouthern Illinois University Edwardsville  \nThis study explored whether and to what extent Ogbu and Fordham’s Oppositional Culture Theory applied to African American high school students at one Midwestern suburban highschool. Based on multiple interviews with six African American students, the study found support for some aspects of the theory but not for others.  \nIntroduction  \nThe gap in achievement between Whites and Blacks in the United States has been a problem for many years. The cause of this gap has been the focus of considerable research but is not yet fully understood. One explanation for the gap was proposed by John Ogbu (1978) . He stated that the difference in cultural attitudes toward society and education between African Americans and Whites stemmed from the means of migration for African Americans. Ogbu argued that African Americans were brought to the United States forcibly as slaves, involuntary minorities, and therefore have a more antagonistic view toward the dominant White culture as a whole than other minority groups. Later, Signithia Fordham and John Ogbu (1986) further developed Ogbu’s original premise into what is known today as oppositional culture theory. This theory strives to explain the gap between African American and White students (Fordham & Ogbu, 1986) .  \nNCPEA Education Leadership Review of Doctoral Research, Vol. 1, No. 1 – March 2014 ISSN: 1532-0723 © 2014 National Council of Professors of Educational Administration  \nThis manuscript may not be used commercially or edited. When quoting portions of this text, attribution  \nto the author/s is required.  \nAt the high school where the lead author works, there are major differences between the average performance of White and African American students. On the state achievement test in 2011, 55% of White 11th graders met or exceeded state standards in Reading while only 23% of African American students did the same. The corresponding statistics for Math are 55% of White students met or exceeded while only 22% of African Americans did, and numbers for Science are very similar (Illinois Interactive School Report Card) . Discrepancies also appear in discipline: according to the district’s data management system, in the 2011- 2012 school year, African American students received 23% of all discipline referrals though their representation in the school population was only 11% .  \nAs will be clear from the literature review below, research on oppositional culture theory is mixed. As a White female assistant principal who was struggling to understand and remedy the achievement gap in her school, the lead author wondered to what extent the theory applied in her setting. Hence the purpose of the study was to explore whether and to what extent the tenets of oppositional culture theory apply to African American high school students at one Midwestern suburban high school. By qualitatively examining the cultural and academic perceptions and experiences of African American high school students at the research site, we can better understand the factors influencing the academic achievement of those students. With this understanding, the lead author and other administrators at the school can design interventions to specifically address the needs of African American students, their families, and the community as a whole with the goal of working toward narrowing the achievement gap.  \nReview of the Literature  \nOppositional culture theory, first proposed by Signithia Fordham and John Ogbu in 1986, grew into the accepted explanation for the achievement gap in the following decade","cbCaignAq6fD01Nh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaignAq6fD01Nh","pdf",244253,16,"English","# Introduction\n# Review of the Literature","[{\"question\":\"What gap does the study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on the achievement gap between White and Black students in the United States, framed as a long-standing issue with unclear causes.\"},{\"question\":\"What theory is examined and how?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines Ogbu and Fordham’s Oppositional Culture Theory by evaluating whether its tenets apply to African American high school students at one suburban Midwestern high school through qualitative interviews.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the findings suggest about the theory’s applicability?\",\"answer\":\"The study found support for some aspects of the theory but not for others, indicating partial applicability in the specific research setting.\"}]","An Analysis of Oppositional Culture Theory Applied to One Suburban Midwestern High School | PDF",1792093375]