[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-618907-105":59,"doc-detail-618907-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","amazing-cells-fight-or-flight-response-play-by-play","Amazing Cells - Fight or Flight Response: Play-by-Play","","Detailed walkthrough of the fight-or-flight response as an example of rapid cell communication. The sequence follows environmental sensing in the brain, hypothalamus-to-pituitary chemical signaling, and coordinated nerve impulses to the adrenal gland. It explains ACTH-driven cortisol production via an intracellular signaling cascade and the downstream effects of cortisol on blood pressure, blood sugar, and immune suppression. It also covers epinephrine-driven responses, including glycogenolysis in the liver and immediate energy supply to muscle cells, plus additional tissue-level reactions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/amazing-cells-fight-or-flight-response-play-by-play/618907/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/amazing-cells-fight-or-flight-response-play-by-play/618907.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Theodore","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-10-20",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the fight-or-flight response begin at the cellular level?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"When a threat occurs, an environmental signal travels to the brain. The amygdala triggers nerve impulses to the hypothalamus, which then sends signals to the pituitary gland and onward for rapid downstream activation.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What drives cortisol production in adrenal cells?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"ACTH binds to an MC2-R receptor on the adrenal cell surface, triggering receptor shape change and activation of the G protein complex. This activates adenylate cyclase and cAMP, leading to PKA activation and a sequence that ultimately converts cholesterol-derived intermediates into cortisol.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does epinephrine support immediate energy needs during fight-or-flight?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Epinephrine travels through the bloodstream to multiple cell types. In the liver, it activates a glycogenolysis signaling cascade that breaks glycogen into glucose subunits, which then enter the bloodstream to provide quick energy to muscle cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},618907,1792678694,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":52,"preview_page_count":4},7971461740886,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Module  \nAmazing Cells  \n Print-and-Go™  \n[http://learn.genetics.utah.edu](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu)  \nFight or Flight Response: Play-by-Play  \nOne of the most remarkable examples of cell communication is the fight or flight response. When a threat occurs, cells communicate rapidly to elicit physiological responses that help the body handle extraordinary situations. The movie depicts just some of the communication and responses involved in the fight or flight response. Below is a detailed guide to events taking place in the movie.  \nTime  \n0:16  \n0:25  \n0:38  \n0:49  \n0:54  \nEvent  \nAn environmental signal travels into the brain. In response, the amygdala, a primitive structure in the brain, fires offa nerve impulse to the hypothalamus (not shown) . The hypothalamus sends a chemical signal to another part of the brain called the pituitary gland.  \nIn the pituitary gland, corticotrope cells release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, green molecules) into the blood stream.  \nSimultaneously, nerve impulses travel from the hypothalamus along the spinal cord to the adrenal gland (atop the kidneys) . Both the chemical signal (ACTH) and the nerve impulse initiated in the hypothalamus travel to the adrenal gland.  \nIn the adrenal gland, the nerve impulse signals chromaffin cells to release epinephrine (blue molecules, also known as adrenaline) into the bloodstream. Epinephrine will travel to many different cell types throughout the body.  \nThe ACTH (green) previously secreted by the pituitary gland travels through the blood stream to cells in another area of the adrenal gland.  \n  © 2008 University of Utah   This document was downloaded from: [http://learn.genetics.utah.edu ](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu  1)[ 1](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu  1)   \nModule  \n Print-and-Go™  \n[http://learn.genetics.utah.edu](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu)  \nAmazing Cells  \nFight or Flight Response: Play-by-Play  \n1:01-1:35 The Cortisol Production Signaling Cascade:  \n1:01 On the surface of an adrenal cell, the signaling molecule ACTH (green, not drawn to scale) docks on a MC2-R receptor (yellow), causing it to change shape.  \n1:03 Inside the adrenal cell, the conformational change of the receptor causes the G protein complex (pink, right) to become activated and uncoupled. The G protein stimulatesadenylate cyclase (red, left) to convert ATP (the cell’s energy molecule) into cAMP (a signaling molecule, blue) .  \n1:08 cAMP activates Protein Kinase A (PKA) causing it to release its catalytic subunits (only one is shown here for simplicity) . The catalytic PKA subunit travels to the mitochondrial membrane and switches on a protein called steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR, not shown) .  \n1:11 StAR is responsible for mediating the complicated task of importing cholesterol (yellow) into the mitochondrion.  \n1:13 Inside the mitochondrion, enzymes convert the cholesterol into 17-OH-pregnenolone. 17-OH-pregnenolone is released from the mitochondrion and sent to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it is converted into 11-deoxycortisol.  \n1:25 This compound is then sent back to the mitochondrion  \nwhere it is finally transformed into the final product, cortisol. Cortisol leaves the adrenal cell by freely crossing the cell membrane, and it enters the bloodstream.  \n1:35 Cortisol will travel through the bloodstream to several cell types. It will initiate signaling cascades in these cells resulting in an increase in blood pressure, an increase in blood sugar levels, and suppression of the immune system (not shown) .  \n  © 2008 University of Utah   This document was downloaded from: [http://learn.genetics.utah.edu ](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu  2)[ 2](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu  2)   \nModule  \n Print-and-Go™  \n[http://learn.genetics.utah.edu](http://learn.genetics.utah.edu)  \nAmazing Cells  \nFight or Flight Response: Play-by-Play  \n1:42 A view of epinephrine (blue) that was released earlier by the adrenal gland. From here, the epinephrine will t","cbCaibBG7FDFXeqB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibBG7FDFXeqB","pdf",1231921,"English","# Fight or Flight Response: Play-by-Play\n## Cortisol Production Signaling Cascade\n## Glycogenolysis Signaling Cascade","[{\"question\":\"How does the fight-or-flight response begin at the cellular level?\",\"answer\":\"When a threat occurs, an environmental signal travels to the brain. The amygdala triggers nerve impulses to the hypothalamus, which then sends signals to the pituitary gland and onward for rapid downstream activation.\"},{\"question\":\"What drives cortisol production in adrenal cells?\",\"answer\":\"ACTH binds to an MC2-R receptor on the adrenal cell surface, triggering receptor shape change and activation of the G protein complex. This activates adenylate cyclase and cAMP, leading to PKA activation and a sequence that ultimately converts cholesterol-derived intermediates into cortisol.\"},{\"question\":\"How does epinephrine support immediate energy needs during fight-or-flight?\",\"answer\":\"Epinephrine travels through the bloodstream to multiple cell types. In the liver, it activates a glycogenolysis signaling cascade that breaks glycogen into glucose subunits, which then enter the bloodstream to provide quick energy to muscle cells.\"}]","Amazing Cells - Fight or Flight Response: Play-by-Play | PDF",1792461973]