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It outlines objectives linking atmosphere and biosphere processes, covering global climate patterns, vegetation, soils, climatic elements and their distribution, climatic controls, and climatic classification, microclimates, and man-made climates.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/age-301-physical-geography-foreword-lesson-outline/661592/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/age-301-physical-geography-foreword-lesson-outline/661592.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ezra","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":22},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What prior knowledge does Physical Geography III build on?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"It builds on knowledge gained from Physical Geography I and II, and links especially to the atmosphere introduced in Physical Geography I.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"What are the main objectives of AGE 301 Physical Geography?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Learners should explain concepts, linkages, and processes in the atmosphere and biosphere, including global climate patterns, vegetation, soils, and how biotic and abiotic factors influence organism distribution.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"Which parts of the course cover the atmosphere and which cover the biosphere?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Lessons 1 to 4 discuss aspects of the atmosphere, while the biosphere is covered in Lessons 5 to 10.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},661592,1793171468,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,94,99,104,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":92,"slug":93},70,"exam",{"id":95,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":22,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":79,"read_time":144},1099514068035,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","KENYATTA UNIVERSITY – INSTITUTE OF OPENING LEARNING  \nDEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY III  \nAGE 301: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY  \nDR. JOY APIYO OBANDO  \n&  \nDR. GEORGE LUKOYE MAKOKHA  \n© 2005  \nFOREWORD  \nPhysical Geography III is a course that builds on the knowledge gained from the study of Physical Geography I and II. It builds on the knowledge of the atmosphere introduced in Physical Geography I and introduces the basic concepts of Biogeography, mainly concerned with the factors that determine the distribution of living organisms and their impact on the environment. The course also examines the scope and growth of Biogeography, vegetation and soils. Aspects of the atmosphere such as climatic elements and their distribution, climatic factors, climatic classification schemes and climatic change are adequately covered.  \nThe overall objective of this course is to enable the learner to be able to explain the concepts, linkages and processes in the Atmosphere and Biosphere. Learners are expected after studying this course to explain the patterns and controls of global climates, vegetation and soils and their influence on the Biosphere. They should also be able to explain the effect of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of living organisms. Lessons 1 to 4 discuss the aspects of the atmosphere, while the biosphere is covered in Lessons 5 to 10.  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE  \nFOREWORD.............................................................................................................................I  \nLESSON 1. CLIMATIC ELEMENTS AND THEIR GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION ....... 1  \n1.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1  \n1.2. Objectives................................................................................................................... 1  \n1.3. Temperature ............................................................................................................... 1  \n1.4. Evaporation ................................................................................................................ 6  \n1.5. Precipitation ............................................................................................................... 8  \n1.6. Summary .................................................................................................................. 10  \n1.7. Definitions of Key Words ........................................................................................ 11  \n1.8. Revision Questions................................................................................................... 12  \n1.9. Further Reading........................................................................................................ 12  \nLESSON 2. CLIMATIC CONTROLS AND FACTORS................................................ 13  \n2.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 13  \n2.2. Objectives................................................................................................................. 13  \n2.3. Air Masses................................................................................................................ 13  \n2.4. Convergence of air masses and fronts...................................................................... 16  \n2.5. Frontal systems......................................................................................................... 16  \n2.6. Latitude..................................................................................................................... 19  \n2.7. Altitude..................................................................................................................... 20  \n2.8. Land and water masses............................................................................................. 21  \n2.9. Relief features ...........................................................","cbCaibtDsIAfG61E","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibtDsIAfG61E","pdf",1037050,106,"English","# FOREWORD\n## Course overview and objectives\n# LESSON 1. CLIMATIC ELEMENTS AND THEIR GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION\n## Introduction, objectives, temperature, evaporation, precipitation, summary, key words, revision questions, further reading\n# LESSON 2. CLIMATIC CONTROLS AND FACTORS\n## Introduction, objectives, air masses, fronts, latitude, altitude, land and water masses, relief, summary, key words, revision questions, further reading\n# LESSON 3. CLIMATIC CLASSIFICATION, MICRO AND MAN-MADE CLIMATES\n## Purpose and problems, approaches, genetic and empirical schemes, climatic regions, microclimates, man-made climates, cloud seeding, summary","[{\"question\":\"What prior knowledge does Physical Geography III build on?\",\"answer\":\"It builds on knowledge gained from Physical Geography I and II, and links especially to the atmosphere introduced in Physical Geography I.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main objectives of AGE 301 Physical Geography?\",\"answer\":\"Learners should explain concepts, linkages, and processes in the atmosphere and biosphere, including global climate patterns, vegetation, soils, and how biotic and abiotic factors influence organism distribution.\"},{\"question\":\"Which parts of the course cover the atmosphere and which cover the biosphere?\",\"answer\":\"Lessons 1 to 4 discuss aspects of the atmosphere, while the biosphere is covered in Lessons 5 to 10.\"}]","AGE 301: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY - FOREWORD & LESSON OUTLINE | PDF",267]