[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-150428-en":3,"doc-seo-150428-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},150428,687208528416,"Cipher","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc",8,"Research & Report","AGAINST MOVEMENT - COMMENTS ON LIDDELL’S ARTICLE","Bruce Hayes’ comments evaluate Scott Liddell’s arguments about ASL phonological structure in comparison with David Perlmutter’s theory. The discussion centers on phrase-final contrasts involving HOLD and the absence of HOLD, using examples such as NAME vs HAPPY and the minimal-pair evidence from STAY versus THAT’S-THE-ONE. Hayes addresses whether Perlmutter’s Mora Insertion can preserve lexical distinctions on the surface, and sketches a revision that distinguishes lexical length from phonetic, phrase-final lengthening.","# AGAINST MOVEMENT:COMMENTSON LIDDELL’S ARTICLE\n\nBRUCE HAYES  \nDepartment of LinguisticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles,California 90024  \n## 1.INTRODUCTION\n\nIn his article,Scott Liddell compares his own theory of ASL phonologicalstructure with that of David Perlmutter.Liddell offers a number of argumentsthat his theory is the better one.As a commentator,I could in principle render averdict about whose theory“wins.”But I think that would miss the point:boththeories have something important to say,for the most part in different areas.I also suspect that in the long run,neither theory will turn out to be fully correct,and that a quite different theory may replace both of them.In the second part ofmy comments,I suggest one direction in which substantially different theoriesmight be explored.  \n## 2.LIDDELL’S ARGUMENTS AGAINST PERLMUTTER’S THEORY\n\nBy far the most important argument in Liddell's paper is this:in phrase-finalposition,HOLD contrasts phonologically with ABSENCE OF HOLD.For example,NAME ends in a hold phrase-finally,but HAPPY does not.  \nBefore discussing this further,I want to strengthen Liddell's argument a bit.To justify the existence of a contrast,it is important to provide a minimal pair,to  \nCopyright O1993 by Academic Press,Inc.All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.  \nPhonetics and Phonology,Volume 3Current Issues in ASL Phonology  \nAGAINST MOVEMENT:COMMENTSON LIDDELL'S ARTICLE  \nBRUCE HAYES  \nDepartment of Linguistics  \nUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles,California 90024  \n## 1.INTRODUCTION\n\nIn his article,Scott Liddell compares his own theory of ASL phonologicalstructure with that of David Perlmutter.Liddell offers a number of argumentsthat his theory is the better one.As a commentator,I could in principle render averdict about whose theory \"wins.\"But I think that would miss the point:boththeories have something important to say,for the most part in different areasI also suspect that in the long run,neither theory will turn out to be fully correct,and that a quite different theory may replace both of them.In the second part ofmy comments,I suggest one direction in which substantially different theoriesmight be explored.  \n## 2.LIDDELL'S ARGUMENTS AGAINST PERLMUTTER’S THEORY\n\nBy far the most important argument in Liddell's paper is this:in phrase-finalposition,HOLD contrasts phonologically with ABSENCE OF HOLD.For example,NAME ends in a hold phrase-finally,but HAPPY does not.  \nBefore discussing this further,I want to strengthen Liddell's argument a bit.To justify the existence of a contrast,it is important to provide a minimal pair,to  \nminimize the possibility that the relevant phonetic distinction is derived.Such apair in this case can be found in Supalla and Newport(1978):in final position,STAY ends in a hold,but THAT'S-THE-ONE does not.More precisely,STAY isproduced with a full,obvious hold;whereas THAT'S-THE-ONE is producedwith at most a short,nonobvious hold,or often with no hold at all.This is shownin(1),where I provide a transcription of these signs in Liddell's notation.  \n(1)a.No final hold:THAT'S-THE-ONE  \nb.Final hold:STAY  \nSuch contrasts raise a problem for Perlmutter:in his analysis,an extra mora isalways added in final position,by the rule of Mora Insertion.If this added moralands on a Pin a PMP syllable,then it is interpreted phonetically as a hold.Butthis would wrongly assign a hold to THAT'S-THE-ONE as well as to STAY,as  \n(2)shows.  \n(2)THAT'S-THE-ONE(underlying form)  \nThe criticism,then,is that by adopting a general rule of Mora Insertion,Perlmut-ter's analysis wipes out a lexical distinction that should in fact be maintained onthe surface.  \nIs Perlmutter's proposal sunk by such counterexamples?I tend to think not,and I will sketch here a revision of Perlmutter's account that may solve theproblem.  \nIt is useful to consider the analogue of“holds”(that is,extra phonetic dura-  \ntion)in spoken language.Such “holds”typically have two sources:lexical repre-sentations,and phone","cbCaimyUy2L03WIr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimyUy2L03WIr","pdf",2724588,1,11,"English","en",105,"# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Liddell’s Arguments Against Perlmutter’s Theory","[{\"question\":\"What key contrast does Liddell emphasize in Hayes’ comments?\",\"answer\":\"In phrase-final position, HOLD contrasts phonologically with the absence of HOLD, illustrated by pairs like NAME ending in a hold while HAPPY does not.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Hayes strengthen Liddell’s argument?\",\"answer\":\"He emphasizes the need for a minimal pair and cites evidence from Supalla and Newport (1978), contrasting STAY (clear hold) with THAT’S-THE-ONE (at most a short, nonobvious hold or no hold).\"},{\"question\":\"What problem does Hayes identify for Perlmutter’s Mora Insertion account?\",\"answer\":\"Perlmutter’s rule would add an extra mora in phrase-final position, causing a predicted hold even for THAT’S-THE-ONE, which would incorrectly erase the lexical distinction observed between the signs.\"}]","AGAINST MOVEMENT - COMMENTS ON LIDDELL’S ARTICLE | PDF",1787820301,28,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"against-movement-comments-on-liddells-article","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/against-movement-comments-on-liddells-article/150428/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What key contrast does Liddell emphasize in Hayes’ comments?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"In phrase-final position, HOLD contrasts phonologically with the absence of HOLD, illustrated by pairs like NAME ending in a hold while HAPPY does not.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does Hayes strengthen Liddell’s argument?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"He emphasizes the need for a minimal pair and cites evidence from Supalla and Newport (1978), contrasting STAY (clear hold) with THAT’S-THE-ONE (at most a short, nonobvious hold or no hold).",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What problem does Hayes identify for Perlmutter’s Mora Insertion account?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Perlmutter’s rule would add an extra mora in phrase-final position, causing a predicted hold even for THAT’S-THE-ONE, which would incorrectly erase the lexical distinction observed between the signs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]