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Wilcoxon tests evaluate within-group changes and Mann-Whitney U compares groups, showing significant increases only for the training group.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/african-educational-research-journal-vol-9-issue-3/591055/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/african-educational-research-journal-vol-9-issue-3/591055.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"McQueen","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To determine the effect of a patience training program on university students’ patience and life satisfaction levels.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How was the patience training administered?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Using a pre-test, post-test experiment with a control group, patience training was given for five weeks to the experimental group.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which scales and statistical tests were used?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Patience was measured with the Patient Scale and life satisfaction with the Life Satisfaction Scale; Wilcoxon tests assessed within-group differences and Mann-Whitney U tested between-group differences.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},591055,1792893662,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":106,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},5909890329169,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","African Educational Research Journal Vol. 9(3), pp. 712-719, August 2021  \nDOI: 10. 30918/AERJ.93.21.103 ISSN: 2354-2160  \nFull Length Research Paper  \nThe effect of patience training on university students’patience and life satisfaction levels  \nAyşe Eliüşük Bülbül  \nSelçuk University, Turkey.  \nAccepted 9 July, 2021  \n\n| ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the \"patience training program\" on the patience and life satisfaction levels of university students. The study was organized as a pre-test, post-test experiment and control group design. For a total of 30 students from which were 17 in the control group and 17 in the experimental group, patience training was given for 5 weeks. The \"Patient Scale\" developed by Schnitker (2010) and adapted to Turkish by Eliüşük and Arslan (2016) and the \"Life Satisfaction Scale\" developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Dağlı and Baysal (2016) were used as a data collection tool in the study. The \"Wilcoxon\" test was used for the comparison of in-group differences in the analysis of obtained data and the \"Mann-Whitney U\" test was used in examining the differences between the two groups. As a result of the study, it was observed that the patience and life satisfaction average scores of students in the experimental group receiving \"patience training\" increased significantly, while there was no significant difference in the patience and life satisfaction averages scores of the control group students.\u003Cbr>Keywords: Patience, education, life satisfaction. |\n| --- |\n| E-mail: [ayseeliusuk@gmail.com](ayseeliusuk@gmail.com). |\n\nINTRODUCTİON  \nPatience is a quite new concept in psychology. The most known basic meaning of patience is the tendency of a person to wait calmly in face of frustration, distress and pain (Schnitker, 2012) . Patience is defined by Curry et al.(2008) as the power of a person to wait and by Mehrabian (1999) as a limited determined and planned tendency, as well as a personality trait (persons with patience tendency can cope with difficulties and try until they reach the goal) . It is also a matter of debate among ethic philosophers whether patience is a value or not. What Kierkegaard says about patience reflects himself. When we think in terms of time, he gives patience an important role. He presents patience as a character trait in situations such as complexity and stress. With this aspect , he challenges the analytical of dominant assumptions of the new and contemporary philosophy and the continental traditions (Rudd, 2008) . In Norling's (2009) study, both patience and impatience are pointed out as a value. According to McCullough et al. (2004) , patience is seen as a typical tendency and situation. For  \nSchnitker (2012) is patience the combination of the effect of a negative stimulation, such as getting bored while waiting for a person on an object and being restricted against a compelling situation. For example, we show patience in face of long-standing discomforts or ordinary temporal delays such as traffic congestion. Patience has both an emotional and a behavioral characteristic. İt includes waiting as behaviorally and being calm as emotionally. Patience is often regarded as a temporal component, but can not be explained by focusing only on time (like expecting someone to feel good after a disease) . It is also considered as a situation of struggling with challenging persons and conditions. In addition, patience has also cognitive and affective properties. This shows that patience is not congenital but a later acquired condition (Blount and Janicik, 2000) . The attitude towards a delay or a compelling experience shows individual differences. In this context, it will be appropriate to evaluate any person's patience by interpreting his/her own attitude and values. Patience is also evaluated  \nBülbül 713  \ntemporally.  \nMehriban (1999) mentions three types of patience. Short-term patience: often referred ","cbCaikBPlVsv8Hvi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikBPlVsv8Hvi","pdf",176613,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To determine the effect of a patience training program on university students’ patience and life satisfaction levels.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the patience training administered?\",\"answer\":\"Using a pre-test, post-test experiment with a control group, patience training was given for five weeks to the experimental group.\"},{\"question\":\"Which scales and statistical tests were used?\",\"answer\":\"Patience was measured with the Patient Scale and life satisfaction with the Life Satisfaction Scale; Wilcoxon tests assessed within-group differences and Mann-Whitney U tested between-group differences.\"}]","African Educational Research Journal - Vol. 9 - Issue 3 | PDF",1792071021,18]