[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-380159-105":59,"doc-detail-380159-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","african-american-males-have-more-distress-during-cancer-treatment-than-white-males-research-summary","African American Males Have More Distress During Cancer Treatment Than White Males - Research Summary","","African American (AA) males experience higher distress during cancer treatment than White males, a disparity potentially linked to cancer-related inequities and treatment experiences. Using National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s distress thermometer (0–10) and patient characteristics from 770 cancer patients at a Philadelphia hospital, the study analyzed effect modification of moderate to severe distress by race, sex, age, and socioeconomic status via logistic regression. AA males showed higher odds of elevated distress than White males, while differences for females were not significant.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/african-american-males-have-more-distress-during-cancer-treatment-than-white-males-research-summary/380159/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/african-american-males-have-more-distress-during-cancer-treatment-than-white-males-research-summary/380159.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jacob","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does the study hypothesize about distress in African American males during cancer treatment?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It hypothesizes that distress in African American males during treatment is higher than in other races and sexes, contributing to disparities.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was distress measured in the study?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Distress was assessed using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s distress thermometer on a 0–10 scale.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What were the main results for African American vs. White patients?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"On average, African American patients had a higher (but non-significant) distress score, while adjusted analyses showed higher odds of moderate-to-severe distress for African American males compared with White males; no significant differences were found for females or other subgroup comparisons.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},380159,1790480001,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},962084931830,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","African American Males Have More Distress During Cancer Treatment Than White Males  \nStephanie Kjelstrom 1,2, Charis Wynn3, and Sharon Larson 1,2  \nAmerican Journal of Men’s Health May-June 1–11  \n􀀂 The Author(s) 2023  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/15579883231157978](DOI: 10.1177/15579883231157978)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/15579883231157978)[journals.sagepub.com/home/jmh](journals.sagepub.com/home/jmh)  \nAbstract  \nAfrican American (AA) males have a higher incidence and mortality rate for some cancers than other races and sexes, which could be associated with distress during treatment, medical mistrust, and health disparities. We hypothesize distress in AA males during treatment is higher than in other races and sexes. We assessed effect modification of moderate to severe (􀀂 4) distress scores during cancer treatment by race and sex, age, and socioeconomic status (SES). National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s distress thermometer (scale 0–10) and characteristics for 770 cancer patients were collected from a Philadelphia hospital. Variables included age, sex, race, smoking status, marital status, SES, comorbidities, mental health, period before and during COVID-19, cancer diagnosis, and stage. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and t-tests were used to compare AA and White patients. Effect modification of 􀀂 4 distress by race and sex, age, and SES were analyzed by logistic regression. A p value of ł .05 was significant, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. On average, AA patients had a non-significant, higher distress score (4.53, SD = 3.0) than White patients (4.22, SD = 2.9) (p = .196). The adjusted odds ratio of 􀀂4 distress was 2.8 (95% CI [1.4, 5.7]) for AA males compared with White males. There was no significant difference between White and AA females, race and age, or race and SES. There was an effect modification of 􀀂4 distress by race and sex. AA males in cancer treatment had higher odds of 􀀂4 distress compared with White males.  \nKeywords  \ndistress, cancer, race, sex, disparities  \nReceived August 8, 2022; revised December 24, 2022; accepted January 31, 2023  \nIntroduction  \nIn the United States, racial disparities in cancer incidence and mortality are an ongoing reality. For instance, African American (AA) females have the highest mortality rate for breast and gynecological cancers despite having a lower incidence rate for breast cancer (Siegel et al., 2018) . AA males have the highest incidence and mortality rates for colon, lung, and prostate cancers, and, overall, AA males have higher cancer incidence and mortality rates than all other races and sexes (Siegel et al., 2018) . AA patients also experience discrimination within the health care system due to conscious or unconscious bias (Ryn & Saha, 2011; Vo et al., 2021) . Historical unethical experimentation such as the Tuskegee Experiment has created mistrust between AA patients and providers  \n(Scharff et al., 2010) . AAs are also more likely to be from lower socioeconomic neighborhoods and have barriers to health care because of insurance status, income, transportation needs, or health literacy (Benkert et al., 2006; O’Malley et al., 2004; Palmer et al., 2015; Walton et al., 2019) .  \n1 Main Line Health Center for Population Health Research, Lankenau  \nInstitute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA 2Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 3Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA  \nCorresponding Authors:  \nSharon Larson, Main Line Health Center for Population Health Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA.  \nEmail: [LarsonS@mlhs.org](LarsonS@mlhs.org)  \n Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons  \nAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://c","cbCaidHEiAJyblTo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidHEiAJyblTo","pdf",2013755,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Introduction\n## Distress as a mediator for cancer mortality disparities\n## Why distress matters clinically","[{\"question\":\"What does the study hypothesize about distress in African American males during cancer treatment?\",\"answer\":\"It hypothesizes that distress in African American males during treatment is higher than in other races and sexes, contributing to disparities.\"},{\"question\":\"How was distress measured in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Distress was assessed using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s distress thermometer on a 0–10 scale.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main results for African American vs. White patients?\",\"answer\":\"On average, African American patients had a higher (but non-significant) distress score, while adjusted analyses showed higher odds of moderate-to-severe distress for African American males compared with White males; no significant differences were found for females or other subgroup comparisons.\"}]","African American Males Have More Distress During Cancer Treatment Than White Males - Research Summary | PDF",1790239054,28]