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California’s rivers  \nPermalink  \n[https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61s5w9rv](https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61s5w9rv)  \nISBN  \n9798297601338  \nAuthor  \nAndrews, Lucy  \nPublication Date  \n2025-08-01  \nPeer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation  \n[eScholarship.org](eScholarship.org) Powered by the California Digital Library  \nUniversity of California  \nAdvancing quantitative frameworks to support strategic hydrologic monitoring and dam removal in  \nCalifornia’s rivers  \nBy  \nLucy Andrews  \nA dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the  \nrequirements for the degree of  \nDoctor of Philosophy  \nin  \nEnvironmental Science, Policy, and Management  \nin the  \nGraduate Division  \nof the  \nUniversity of California, Berkeley  \nCommittee in charge:  \nProfessor Theodore Grantham, Co-Chair  \nProfessor Albert Ruhí, Co-Chair  \nProfessor Maggi Kelly  \nSummer 2025  \nAdvancing quantitative frameworks to support strategic hydrologic monitoring and dam removal in  \nCalifornia’s rivers  \n© Copyright 2025  \nby  \nLucy Andrews  \nAllphotos contained in this dissertation were taken by the author and are therefore covered by this copyright statement.  \nAbstract  \nAdvancing quantitative frameworks to support strategic hydrologic monitoring and dam removal in  \nCalifornia’s rivers  \nby  \nLucy Andrews  \nDoctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California, Berkeley  \nAssociate Professor Theodore Grantham, Co-Chair  \nAssociate Professor Albert Ruhí, Co-Chair  \nCalifornia’s freshwater ecosystems are among the most biologically diverse in the world, but they are facing biodiversity declines and potential species loss due to altered flow regimes and habitat fragmentation caused by water infrastructure and unsustainable diversions, exacerbated by climate change. This dissertation addresses critical data, methodological, and knowledge gaps that constrainthe state’s ability to manage water resources while restoring critical habitat and river network connectivity. Across three chapters, I integrate data synthesis, network-based analysis, and computational optimization to advance strategies for river monitoring and restoration.  \nIn Chapter 1, I develop a scalable, network-based method for evaluating the coverage provided by California’s stream gauging network and reconfiguring or expanding the network to better serve management needs. I reveal that less than 9% of large dams, less than one third of highly biodiverse watersheds, and less than 1% of minimally disturbed streams are adequately monitored by stream gauges. I then demonstrate that strategic reconfiguration or targeted additions of gauges could efficiently increase coverage of management priorities without proportional increases in cost or effort.  \nIn Chapter 2, I compile the first comprehensive, multidimensional dataset of California’s approximately 1,500 large dams, integrating structural, hydrological, ecological, and social attributes specifically relevant to decision-making contexts in the state. I then use the dataset to characterize the state’s large dams. In doing so, I show that more than three-quarters of dams are over 50 years old, and 68% pose potential safety concerns under extreme events that are becoming more probable under climate change. Nearly one-third of dams obstruct historically accessible salmonid habitat, and 29% are located on lands managed primarily for biodiversity conservation, indicating that terrestrial conservation activities often fail to meet the needs of freshwater ecosystems. Weak clustering in multivariate space highlights the need for site-specific, multi-objective management strategies, supported by this novel dataset that enables cross-sector analysis that integrates infrastructural considerations, safety, ecological impacts, and social context.  \nIn Chapter","cbCaipGMDspdyE8i","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipGMDspdyE8i","pdf",32252025,120,"English","# Abstract\n## Chapter 1\n## Chapter 2\n## Chapter 3","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the dissertation focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses biodiversity declines and species loss driven by altered flow regimes and habitat fragmentation from water infrastructure, including data and methodological gaps that limit restoration and monitoring efforts.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Chapter 1 contribute to stream gauging in California?\",\"answer\":\"It develops a scalable network-based method to evaluate coverage from California’s stream-gauging network and to reconfigure or expand it to better match management needs.\"},{\"question\":\"What approach does Chapter 3 use to restore river connectivity?\",\"answer\":\"It develops a graph-theoretic, beam-search-based method to analyze combinations of barrier removals efficiently, identifying high-impact multi-barrier removal portfolios at regional and statewide scales.\"}]","Advancing quantitative frameworks to support strategic hydrologic monitoring and dam removal in California’s rivers | PDF",302]