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The study examines advanced visualization’s effects on design communication, stakeholder understanding, and project efficiency using a mixed-methods design across 20 architectural projects and 80 participants. Traditional 2D drawings are compared with 3D modeling, high-quality renderings, and interactive walkthroughs via measures of clarity, spatial understanding, decision efficiency, and satisfaction. Results show interactive walkthroughs and high-quality renderings outperform others, reducing revisions, errors, and approval time. 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This study investigates the impact of advanced visualization techniques on design communication, stakeholder understanding, and project efficiency. A mixed-methods research approach was adopted, involving 20 architectural design projects and 80 participants representing architects, clients, engineers, and non-technical stakeholders. The study compared traditional two-dimensional drawings with 3D modeling, high-quality rendering, and interactive walkthroughs using structured evaluation parameters including communication clarity, spatial understanding, decision-making efficiency, and stakeholder satisfaction. The results revealed substantial improvements in communication effectiveness and comprehension with advanced visualization methods. Interactive walkthroughs and high-quality renderings demonstrated the highest performance across all indicators, significantly reducing design revisions, communication errors, and approval time. Canonical Correspondence Analysis further highlighted strong relationships between visualization quality, realism, and improved communication outcomes. The findings confirm that advanced visualization technologies play a crucial role in enhancing stakeholder engagement, reducing project uncertainties, and improving architectural decision-making processes. The study concludes that integrating 3D modeling and rendering technologies into architectural workflows significantly advances design communication and project efficiency in contemporary architectural practice.\u003Cbr>Keywords: Architectural visualization, 3D modeling, rendering, design communication, stakeholder engagement, interactive visualization |  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |  |\n| DOI:-10.5281/zenodo.19354995 |  |  | Manu script \\# 426 |\n\nIntroduction  \nThe growing importance of visual communication in architectural design  \nArchitectural design has evolved significantly with the advancement of digital technologies, transforming how ideas are conceptualized, communicated, and executed (Henfridsson et al., 2014) . Traditionally, architects relied heavily on hand-drawn sketches, technical drawings, and physical models to communicate their design intent (Guarin, 2023) . While these conventional methods provided valuable insights into spatial configurations and technical details, they often failed to effectively communicate the experiential and aesthetic aspects of architectural projects (Fang et al., 2025) . As architectural projects have grown more complex and interdisciplinary, the need for improved visualization tools has become increasingly important. In this context, 3D modeling and rendering technologies have emerged as transformative tools that enhance clarity, improve stakeholder engagement, and facilitate efficient decision-making throughout the design process (Berglund et al., 2017) .  \nThe limitations of traditional architectural representation methods  \nTraditional architectural drawings such as plans, sections, and elevations require a certain level of technical understanding, which may not be accessible to all stakeholders (Liu et al., 2023) . Clients, investors, policymakers, and end-users often struggle to interpret two-dimensional drawings, leading to misunderstandingsand delayed decision-making. Physical models, although useful, are time-consuming, expensive, and difficult to modify during iterative design pr","cbCaionfTpqQrwFm","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaionfTpqQrwFm","pdf",464510,"English","# Introduction\n## The growing importance of visual communication in architectural design\n## The limitations of traditional architectural representation methods\n## The emergence of 3D modeling as a transformative design tool\n## The role of rendering technologies in enhancing realism and understanding","[{\"question\":\"How does the study compare traditional 2D drawings with advanced 3D visualization methods?\",\"answer\":\"The study contrasts traditional two-dimensional drawings against 3D modeling, high-quality rendering, and interactive walkthroughs using structured evaluation parameters such as communication clarity, spatial understanding, decision-making efficiency, and stakeholder satisfaction.\"},{\"question\":\"Which visualization approach shows the highest performance in the results?\",\"answer\":\"Interactive walkthroughs and high-quality renderings show the highest performance across the indicators, including improved comprehension and communication effectiveness.\"},{\"question\":\"What project-related impacts are reported from using advanced visualization technologies?\",\"answer\":\"Advanced visualization methods significantly reduce design revisions, communication errors, and approval time, while improving stakeholder engagement and reducing project uncertainties.\"}]","ADVANCING ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION: THE IMPACT OF 3D MODELING AND RENDERING ON DESIGN COMMUNICATION | PDF",23]