[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-589496-105":59,"doc-detail-589496-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","advances-in-language-and-literary-studies-vol-7-no-2-flourishing-creativity-literacy","Advances in Language and Literary Studies - Vol. 7 No. 2 - Flourishing Creativity & Literacy","","The primary purpose of this research is to investigate vocabulary learning strategies used by undergraduate students from Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University (SBKWU) and University of Balochistan (UOB) in Quetta, Pakistan. A quantitative design analyzed questionnaire responses from 180 undergraduates using 45 close-ended items across metacognitive regulation, cognitive, memory, and activation strategies. SPSS descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-tests assessed differences between universities. Cognitive regulation and activation strategies were most influential, and no statistically significant differences appeared between the two universities, informing vocabulary instruction practices.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/advances-in-language-and-literary-studies-vol-7-no-2-flourishing-creativity-literacy/589496/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/advances-in-language-and-literary-studies-vol-7-no-2-flourishing-creativity-literacy/589496.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Terk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main goal of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study investigates the vocabulary learning strategies used by undergraduates at SBKWU and UOB in Quetta, Pakistan.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study conducted and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A quantitative design used a 45-item questionnaire from prior work, with responses from 180 undergraduates. Descriptive statistics in SPSS and independent-samples t-tests were used for analysis.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which vocabulary learning strategies were most influential?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Cognitive regulation strategy and activation strategy emerged as the most influential sources for learning new English words.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},589496,1793030746,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Advances in Language and Literary Studies ISSN: 2203-4714  \nVol. 7 No. 2; April 2016  \n Australian International Academic Centre, Australia  \n\n|  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  |\n| Flourishing Creativity & Literacy |  |  |\n\nInvestigating Learning Strategies for Vocabulary Development:  \nA Comparative Study of Two Universities of Quetta, Pakistan  \nIrum Fatima (Corresponding author)  \nDepartment of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Barori Road, Quetta, Pakistan  \nE-mail: [fatimairum01@gmail.com](fatimairum01@gmail.com)  \nZahid Hussain Pathan  \nEnglish Language Center, University of Balochistan, Sariyab Road, Quetta, Pakistan [E-mail: pathanzahid82@yahoo.com](E-mail: pathanzahid82@yahoo.com)  \nDoi:10 .7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.7  \nURL: [http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.7](http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.7)  \nReceived: 27/10/2015  \nAccepted: 24/12/2015  \nAbstract  \nThe primary purpose of this research is to investigate the vocabulary learning strategies employed by the undergraduate students of Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University (SBKWU) and University of Balochistan (UOB), Quetta, Pakistan. A quantitative design was employed in this study to answer the two research questions of the present study. The quantitative data was obtained from the responses of 180 undergraduates in a questionnaire adapted from the study by Noor and Amir (2009) on vocabulary learning strategies proposed by Gu and Johnson (1996) . The questionnaire comprised of 45 close-ended items on four broad vocabulary learning strategies, metacognitive regulation strategy, cognitive strategy, memory strategy, and activation strategy. Descriptive statistics was run in SPSS to obtain the results. The independent-samples t-test was run to test for statistically significant differences if any in the use of vocabulary learning strategies across the undergraduates of two universities. However, cognitive regulation strategy, and activation strategy emerged as the most influential source of learning new English words. The findings also revealed that there were no statistically significant differences found in practicing vocabulary learning strategies between undergraduates of SBKWU and UOB. The findings of the study have implications on enhancing teaching and learning by acquainting students with vocabulary learning strategies that can enhance their vocabulary in English language and can result to boost up their proficiency in this language.  \nKeywords: Vocabulary development, learning strategies, gender difference  \n1. Introduction  \nNowadays, English language has become the most dominant language among all the languages of the world and is being learnt, read and spoken widely throughout the world (Jenkin, 2006; Parkir, 2000; Kachru & Nelson, 1996) . To learn a foreign or second language effectively, lexical knowledge plays a vital role. Vocabulary acquisition makes second language learners (L2) adept in accurate meaning, spelling and derivations (Fan, 2003) . Wilkins (1972) asserted that “without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed”(p. 111) . McCarthy and Carter (2001) stated that the biggest problem for most of the learners is vocabulary and it is considered as the major part of the meaning of any language.  \nVocabulary acquisition can enable L2 learners to be proficient in the target language (Zareva et al, 2005) . A number of researchers have agreed to acquaint students to learn vocabulary learning strategies in order to have command over all the skills of the target language (Read, 2000; Schmitt, 2000; Cunningworth, 1995) . In the similar vein, Sokmen (1997 . p, 14) states that “vocabulary learning strategies are “a powerful approach”, which can be based on sensitization to the systems of vocabulary learning, encouragement of sound dictionary skills and reflection of effective learning techniques.”  \nTo learn a foreign or a second language effectively, it is a vocabulary acquisition","cbCaiq2pDEkr6XWR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq2pDEkr6XWR","pdf",190010,"English","# Abstract\n# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Importance of the research","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates the vocabulary learning strategies used by undergraduates at SBKWU and UOB in Quetta, Pakistan.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study conducted and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"A quantitative design used a 45-item questionnaire from prior work, with responses from 180 undergraduates. Descriptive statistics in SPSS and independent-samples t-tests were used for analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"Which vocabulary learning strategies were most influential?\",\"answer\":\"Cognitive regulation strategy and activation strategy emerged as the most influential sources for learning new English words.\"}]","Advances in Language and Literary Studies - Vol. 7 No. 2 - Flourishing Creativity & Literacy | PDF",1792067475,15]