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April 2016  \n Australian International Academic Centre, Australia  \n|  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  |\n|  | Flourishing Creativity & Literacy |  |\n|  |  |  |\n\nComparison of English Language Rhythm and Kalhori  \nKurdish Language Rhythm  \nNafiseh Taghva (Corresponding author)  \nDepartment of Linguistics and Foreign Languages, Payamenoor University,19395-4679,Tehran,I.R.Iran  \n[E-mail: n.taghva@yahoo.com](E-mail: n.taghva@yahoo.com)  \nVahideh Abolhasani Zadeh  \nShahid Bahonar, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran  \nE-mail: [abolhasanizadeh@yahoo.com](abolhasanizadeh@yahoo.com)  \nDoi:10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.226  \nURL: [http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.226](http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.226)  \nReceived: 20/12/2015  \nAccepted: 03/02/2016  \nAbstract  \nInvestigating on quantitative features of languages rhythm is a recent issue that attracts the attention of linguists. Interval-based method is a method of studying the rhythmic quantitative features of languages. This method use Pairwise Variability Index (PVI) to consider the variability of vocalic duration and inter-vocalic duration of sentences which leads to classification of languages rhythm into stress-timed languages and syllable-timed ones. This study aims to consider the rhythm of British English and Kalhori Kurdish, which is spoken in some part of west of Iran, based on interval-based method. In order to reach this aim the duration variability of vocalic interval and inter-vocalic interval of English and Kalhori Kurdish are measured by PVI. Afterward the outcomes ofthis study were compared to the existed results of other languages. The results of this research demonstrated that the rhythmic quantitative features of these two languages are placed among stress-timed languages.  \nKeywords: Rhythm, interval-based method, syllable-timed, stress-timed  \n1. Introduction  \nHeartbeats, waves of the sea and birds songs are natural phenomenon that are benefited from rhythm. The word rhythm is originated from the Latin word \"ǫƲɵμóҫ\" derived from the verb \"ǫɛɩ\" which means \"to flow\" . Plato (The Laws, book II: 93) defined rhythm as order in movement. Languages are among natural phenomenon which includes rhythm. Patel (2010) stated: \"Rhythm is a systematic patterning of sound in terms of timing, accent and grouping. Both speech and music are characterized by systematic, temporal, accentual and phrasal patterning.\"  \nIn the present paper the acoustic-phonetic basis of English rhythm and Kalhori Kurdish rhythm are investigated. Kurdish language is a branch of Indo-European languages which is spoken in vast area of Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Saria and even some parts of Middle East. Kalhori Kurdish is a subcategory of Kurdi in southern area of Kurdish language that is spoken in west part of Iran (Gudarzi, 2003) .  \nThe first attempts of studying rhythm began by the hypothesis of relation between rhythm and duration. Lloyd James (1940) had studied rhythm of some languages by comparing their prosodic differences. He said that the same elements repeated at the same regular intervals of time. Pike (1945) named these intervals as 'syllable-timed' and 'stress-timed'. Abercrombie (1967) presented the theory of Isochrony and claimed that inter-stress intervals were the same in stresstimed languages but in syllable-timed ones inter-syllabic intervals were the same. Subsequent research added another type to this classification as Mora timed languages in which morae are said to be near-equal in duration (Ladefoged, 1975) . However, later work (Bolinger, 1965; Wenk, Wiolland, 1982; Manrique & Signorini, 1983) presented counter arguments against the theory of Isochrones. Hense the Theory of Isocrony was violated.  \nOn the other hand, Dauer (1983) demonstrated some phonetic and phonological differences between stress-timed languages and syllable-timed languages. Not only he stated that syllables variety we","cbCaivo7YTp1GNYe","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivo7YTp1GNYe","pdf",397159,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# 1. Introduction\n## Rhythm in natural phenomena and language\n## Isochrony theory and timing classifications\n## Interval-based method and PVI\n## Prior findings and motivation","[{\"question\":\"What method does the study use to analyze language rhythm?\",\"answer\":\"It uses an interval-based method based on the Pairwise Variability Index (PVI) to assess variability in vocalic duration and intervocalic duration.\"},{\"question\":\"Which languages are compared in the research?\",\"answer\":\"The study compares British English and Kalhori Kurdish, a Kurdish subcategory spoken in western Iran.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study classify the rhythmic type of the two languages?\",\"answer\":\"The measured rhythmic quantitative features place both languages among stress-timed languages.\"}]","Advances in Language and Literary Studies - Vol. 7 No. 2 - April 2016 | PDF",1792067488,13]