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Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) underpins a multifactorial disease process shaped by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle influences. This narrative review examines cervical cancer etiology, molecular mechanisms, progression, diagnosis strategies, and current therapies, while emphasizing the potential of HPV vaccination and screening programs to reduce disease burden. It also addresses emerging directions such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and precision medicine supported by new biomarkers for early detection and personalized treatment. Despite progress, gaps remain regarding vaccine coverage, screening practices, and treatment accessibility for underserved populations, with prevention identified as a critical lever to limit global impact.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/advances-and-challenges-in-cervical-cancer-from-molecular-mechanisms-and-global-epidemiology-to-innovative-therapies-and-prevention-strategies/365338/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/advances-and-challenges-in-cervical-cancer-from-molecular-mechanisms-and-global-epidemiology-to-innovative-therapies-and-prevention-strategies/365338.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jake","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-27","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the main drivers of cervical cancer described in the review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Cervical cancer is primarily linked to persistent infection with high-risk HPV genotypes. The process is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the review cover about cervical cancer?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It investigates etiology, molecular mechanisms, progression, diagnosis strategies, and current therapies. It also discusses prevention through HPV vaccination and screening.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What challenges remain despite advances in cervical cancer management?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review highlights gaps and controversies around vaccine coverage, screening practices, and treatment accessibility for poor or underserved populations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},365338,1790393136,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962084928904,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","| Advances and Challenges in Cervical Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms and Global Epidemiology to Innovative Therapies and Prevention Strategies | Cancer Control Volume 32: 1–31 © The Author(s) 2025 Article reuse guidelines:\u003Cbr>[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/10732748251336415](DOI: 10.1177/10732748251336415)\u003Cbr>[journals.sagepub.com/home/ccx](journals.sagepub.com/home/ccx)\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>|\n| --- | --- |\n| Raiyan Ul Hakim, BSc 1 􀀁, Tasbir Amin, BSc1 􀀁, and S M Bakhtiar Ul Islam, PhD1 􀀁\u003Cbr>Abstract\u003Cbr>Background: In the global scenario of public health, cervical cancer poses a major threat with high mortality rates, especially in women. New incidence cases and prevalence vary across different regions, as recently shown by GLOBOCAN data. The development of cervical cancer is primarily due to persistent infection by high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a multifaceted process that is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.\u003Cbr>Purpose: The goal of this study is to thoroughly investigate cervical cancer, including its etiology, molecular mechanisms, progression, diagnosis strategies, and current therapies. This review further highlights the transformative power of HPV vaccination and screening programs in curbing the disease’s burden and potentially promising novel approaches like immunotherapy and targeted therapy.\u003Cbr>Research Design: This is a narrative review article that summarizes previous literatures regarding cervical cancer in terms of molecular mechanism, etiology, clinical developments, and prevention.\u003Cbr>Study Sample: The review encompassed studies from diverse sources, including experimental, observational, and clinical research published between 1992 and 2025.\u003Cbr>Data Collection and/or Analysis: Data were collected through comprehensive literature searches using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.\u003Cbr>Results: Nonetheless, there are gaps in research and controversies regarding vaccine coverage, screening practices, and treatment accessibility for poor populations. Precision medicine trends are emerging along with new biomarkers for early detection and personalized treatment, which also form part of this discussion. Key findings include the critical role of prevention measures in controlling the global impact of cervical cancer.\u003Cbr>Conclusions: The paper synthesizes the existing knowledge and identifies gaps that require further research, which is significant in augmenting prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cervical cancer towards addressing its public health implications worldwide.\u003Cbr>Plain Language Summary\u003Cbr>This review addresses the critical global health challenge of cervical cancer, emphasizing its molecular mechanisms, epidemiology, and innovative therapeutic approaches. |  |\n| 1 Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh\u003Cbr>Corresponding Author:\u003Cbr>S M Bakhtiar UL Islam, Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology, North South University, Plot 15, Block B, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1219, Bangladesh. Email: [bakhtiar.islam@northsouth.edu](bakhtiar.islam@northsouth.edu) |  |\n\nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons  \nAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)) which permits non-commercial use,  \nreproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)).  \nKeywords  \ncervical cancer, molecular mechanism, epidemiology, therapy, prevention  \nReceived: 30 January 2025; revised: 14 March 2025; accepted: 2 April 2025.  \nIntroduction","cbCaie6A9TciLg7J","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaie6A9TciLg7J","pdf",2307329,31,"English","# Abstract\n# Plain Language Summary\n# Keywords\n# Received, revised, accepted\n# Introduction\n## Cancer as a global challenge\n## General mechanisms of carcinogenesis","[{\"question\":\"What are the main drivers of cervical cancer described in the review?\",\"answer\":\"Cervical cancer is primarily linked to persistent infection with high-risk HPV genotypes. The process is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review cover about cervical cancer?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates etiology, molecular mechanisms, progression, diagnosis strategies, and current therapies. It also discusses prevention through HPV vaccination and screening.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges remain despite advances in cervical cancer management?\",\"answer\":\"The review highlights gaps and controversies around vaccine coverage, screening practices, and treatment accessibility for poor or underserved populations.\"}]","Advances and Challenges in Cervical Cancer - From Molecular Mechanisms and Global Epidemiology to Innovative Therapies and Prevention Strategies | PDF",1790160683,78]