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Immune strategies aimed at preventing or intercepting premalignant lesions—before major immune dysregulation develops—may offer a more rational path. The review summarizes recent progress in cancer immunoprevention, including vaccines for viral cancers, antigen-based vaccines for precancers, and preventative vaccines for individuals carrying cancer-associated heritable mutations, alongside emerging organizational and research initiatives.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/advances-and-challenges-in-cancer-immunoprevention-and-immune-interception/331940/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/advances-and-challenges-in-cancer-immunoprevention-and-immune-interception/331940.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Lucas Martin","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why do invasive cancers typically evade immune surveillance?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Invasive cancers commonly evade immune surveillance through profound local and systemic immunosuppression, which prevents effective elimination or control.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is the rationale for immune interception and prevention of premalignant lesions?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Targeting immune interventions before significant immune dysregulation occurs may be more successful, because antitumor immunity is most effective at earlier stages.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What types of cancer immunoprevention strategies does the review highlight?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review discusses prophylactic vaccines for virally mediated cancers, cancer-associated antigen vaccine approaches for precancers, and preventative vaccines for high-risk individuals who are otherwise healthy but carry cancer-associated heritable genetic mutations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331940,1790534824,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},8796095360427,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Open access Review  \n Advances and challenges in cancer  \nimmunoprevention and immune interception  \nSasha E Stanton  ,1 Philip E Castle,2,3 Olivera J Finn,4 Shizuko Sei  ,2 Leisha A Emens  5  \nTo cite: Stanton SE, Castle PE, Finn OJ, et al. Advancesand challenges in cancer immunoprevention and immune interception. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2024;12:e007815 . doi:10 . 1136/ jitc-2023-007815  \nAccepted 29 February 2024  \n© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.  \n1Cancer Immunoprevention Laboratory, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA  \n2Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute,  \nNational Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA 3Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA 4Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA  \n5Ankyra Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA  \nCorrespondence to  \nDr Sasha E Stanton;  \n[Sasha.Stanton@providence.org](Sasha.Stanton@providence.org)  \nABSTRACT  \nInvasive cancers typically evade immune surveillance through profound local and systemic immunosuppression, preventing their elimination or control. Targeting immune interventions to prevent or intercept premalignant lesions, before significant immune dysregulation has occurred, may be a more successful strategy. The field of cancer immune interception and prevention is nascent, and the scientific community has been slow to embrace  \nthis potentially most rational approach to reducing the global burden of cancer. This may change due to recent promising advances in cancer immunoprevention includingthe use of vaccines for the prevention of viral cancers, the use of cancer-associated antigen vaccines in the setting of precancers, and the development of cancerpreventative vaccines for high-risk individuals who are healthy but carry cancer-associated heritable genetic mutations. Furthermore, there is increasing recognition of the importance of cancer prevention and interception by national cancer organizations. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) recently released the National Cancer Plan, which includes cancer prevention among the top priorities of the institute. The NCI’s Division of Cancer Prevention has been introducing new funding opportunities for scientists with an interest in the field of cancer prevention: The Cancer Prevention-Interception Targeted Agent Discovery Program and The Cancer Immunoprevention Network. Moreover, the Human Tumor Atlas Network is spearheading the development of a precancer atlas to better understand the biology of pre-invasive changes, including the tissue microenvironment and the underlying genetics that drive carcinogenesis. These data will inform the development of novel immunoprevention/immuno-interception strategies. International cancer foundations have also started recognizing immunoprevention and immune interception with the American Association for Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK and the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer each implementing programming focused on this area. This review will present recent advances, opportunities, and challenges in the emerging field of cancer immune prevention and immune interception.  \nBACKGROUND AND CHALLENGES OF IMMUNOPREVENTION  \nThe immune system eliminates premalignancies through adaptive immune responses. Therefore detectable premalignant changes  \nrepresent lesions that have escaped the immune system.1 The question, therefore, is what immunity is required to suppressor eliminate emerging tumors (protective immunity) . One example of protective immunity includes T cell and antibody responses to the oncogene cyclin B1 seen in healthy individuals. Preclinically, cyclin B1 immune responses following vaccination with cyclin B1 peptides in p53−/− mice p","cbCaicjDlK7ksQ9O","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicjDlK7ksQ9O","pdf",524113,11,"English","# Background and challenges of immunoprevention\n## Protective immunity against premalignancy\n## Clinical focus areas in immunoprevention","[{\"question\":\"Why do invasive cancers typically evade immune surveillance?\",\"answer\":\"Invasive cancers commonly evade immune surveillance through profound local and systemic immunosuppression, which prevents effective elimination or control.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the rationale for immune interception and prevention of premalignant lesions?\",\"answer\":\"Targeting immune interventions before significant immune dysregulation occurs may be more successful, because antitumor immunity is most effective at earlier stages.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of cancer immunoprevention strategies does the review highlight?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses prophylactic vaccines for virally mediated cancers, cancer-associated antigen vaccine approaches for precancers, and preventative vaccines for high-risk individuals who are otherwise healthy but carry cancer-associated heritable genetic mutations.\"}]","Advances and challenges in cancer immunoprevention and immune interception | PDF",1789995881,28]