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The mini review surveys recent targeted medicine advances, emphasizing EGFR inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and biomarker-driven drug strategies. 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Ingole1, Ashwini A. Aher2, Sunil N. Thitame3  \n1Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Science, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, 2School of Allied Health Science, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, 3Dean, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India  \nSubmitted: 19‑Dec‑2024  \nRevised: 22‑Dec‑2024  \nAccepted: 30‑Dec‑2024  \nPublished: 09‑Apr‑2025  \nAbstract  \nTargeted therapy has become the latest revolution in the management of oral cancer by focusing on the molecular characteristic of the tumor to provide treatment with an accuracy that spares normal healthy tissue. This article discusses current advances in targeted medicine, with focusing on EGFR inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and more biomarker‑drug‑directed therapies. Some of the important advances in enhancing the combination of these therapies with the conventional treatments including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are being described here. Furthermore, such features as tailoring medicine for patient needs in order to enhance therapeutic efficacy and counter drug resistance are pointed out as vision with a relatively bright prognosis for increasing survival rates as well as a quality of life of oral cancer patients.  \nKeywords: Cancer, EGFR, targeted, therapies   \nIntroduction  \nOSCC, which forms the bulk of oral malignancies,  \nis one of the most frequent cancers globally, particularly in areas with high exposure to tobacco and alcohol. This paper highlights that oral cancer is diagnosed late in its development despite new improvements in surgery and chemotherapy.[1] However, conventional therapies are still restrictive due to complications and high relapse rates of tumors even after surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. More recently, however, targeted therapy has been proposed as a more rational strategy designed to destroy cancer cells and leave the rest of the body intact. In this mini review, current developments of targeted therapy for oral cancer will be discussed, including molecular targets of the recent years, the mode of action, and practical application. (Liao et al. (2017) .[2]  \nMechanisms of Targeted Therapy in Oral Cancer  \nThis approach aims at developing agents that specifically block altered molecular targets that are essential to  \n\n| Access this article online |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Quick Response Code:\u003Cbr>| Website: [https://journals.lww.com/jpbs](https://journals.lww.com/jpbs) |\n|  | DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1935_24 |\n\ncarcinomas. In Table 1 some are the examples of targeted therapies and their use in oral cancer. While typical chemotherapy involves the destruction of dividing cells, targeted therapy is much more selective in its molecular attack on cancer’s progression. Several molecules were proposed for orally cancer treatment, such as EGFR, VEGF, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.  \nEGFR inhibition  \nThe most researched target in oral cancer is the EGFR, a transmembrane receptor that is overexpressed in many cancers including the OSCC. EGFR has been identified to have the functions in the cell proliferation, survival and play an important role in metastasis. EGFR has been put into practice with favorable gains marked in preclinical and clinical trials. Cetuximab, panitumumab, and erlotinib have been introduced to inhibit EGFR signaling in OSCC by  \n\n| Address for correspondence: Ms. Sakshi G. Ingole, Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Science, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.\u003Cbr>E‑mail: [sakshiingole095@gmail.com](sakshiingole095@gmail.com) |\n| --- |\n| This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‑NonCommercial‑ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to ","cbCaigyW1dvpKtwj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigyW1dvpKtwj","pdf",416567,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Mechanisms of Targeted Therapy in Oral Cancer\n## EGFR inhibition\n## Table 1: Examples of targeted therapies and their use in oral cancer","[{\"question\":\"Why is targeted therapy considered promising in oral cancer treatment?\",\"answer\":\"Targeted therapy focuses on the tumor’s molecular characteristics, aiming for accurate treatment that spares normal tissue. It is also described as a more rational strategy compared with conventional approaches that have limitations and relapse risks.\"},{\"question\":\"Which targeted therapy classes are highlighted in the mini review?\",\"answer\":\"The review emphasizes EGFR inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and other biomarker-directed therapies. It also discusses combination potential with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the role of EGFR in oral cancer according to the article?\",\"answer\":\"EGFR is described as a transmembrane receptor overexpressed in cancers including OSCC and involved in cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. The review notes clinical relevance of EGFR inhibition using agents such as cetuximab, panitumumab, and erlotinib.\"}]","Advancements in Targeted Therapy for Oral Cancer - A Mini Review | PDF"]