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This review summarizes the evolution and clinical use of advanced intraoperative modalities, including fluorescence imaging, molecular probes, photoacoustic/Raman techniques, and 3D multimodal reconstruction, and discusses future directions integrating artificial intelligence and personalized medicine.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/advanced-imaging-techniques-for-tumor-intraoperative-navigation-imaging/352627/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/advanced-imaging-techniques-for-tumor-intraoperative-navigation-imaging/352627.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Connor ","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why are advanced intraoperative imaging techniques needed for tumor surgery?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Conventional imaging often lacks sufficient resolution, real-time feedback, and clear tissue differentiation, making it difficult to determine tumor extent and margins during surgery. These limitations can hinder optimal surgical outcomes and increase recurrence risk.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does fluorescence imaging improve intraoperative tumor detection?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Fluorescence imaging offers superior tissue penetration, improved signal-to-noise ratio, and performance in surgical environments. Targeted molecular probes and advanced fluorescence approaches increase tumor specificity for real-time detection of tissues and lymph nodes.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What other imaging modalities complement fluorescence for intraoperative navigation?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Modalities such as photoacoustic imaging and Raman spectroscopy provide complementary insights. Three-dimensional reconstruction and multimodal systems can also improve anatomical precision and support more accurate margin assessment.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},352627,1790463245,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},687207022233,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","npj | imaging Review  \n[https://doi.org/10.1038/s44303-026-00150-1](https://doi.org/10.1038/s44303-026-00150-1)  \nAdvanced imaging techniques for tumor intraoperative navigation imaging  \n Check for updates  \nresulting in incomplete tumor resection and a higher risk of  \nof traditional imaging methods, thereby enhancing the precision of  \n\n| Ke Li1,2, Yiyin Zhang1,2, Houpu Yang1 & Shu Wang1  |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, with surgical resection being a fundamental element of treatment. However, early detection and precise tumor resection are critical for improving survival and minimizing recurrence. Conventional imaging techniques face limitations in resolution, real-time feedback, and tissue differentiation, often leading to imprecise resection. Recent advancements in intraoperative imaging technologies have gradually addressed these challenges. Fluorescence imaging offers superior tissue penetration, enhanced signal-to-noise ratio, and resilience under a surgical environment, making it ideal for real-time tissue and lymph node detection. Targeted molecular probes and advanced fluorescence techniques further enhance tumor specificity. Modalities like photoacoustic and Raman spectroscopy provide complementary insights, while threedimensional reconstruction and multimodal systems improve anatomical precision. Early clinical studies demonstrate these technologies ’ high sensitivity and clinical feasibility in tumor detection and margin assessment. Integrating artificial intelligence and personalized medicine into intraoperative imaging holds promise for further refining these techniques, leading to more tailored and effective interventions. This review provides an overview of the evolution and clinical practice of novel intraoperative imaging technologies, highlighting their superiority over traditional methods and outlining the future research directions in this rapidly advancing field. |  |\n| Requirements and challenges in intraoperative navigation According to the latest statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2024, nearly 20 million new cancer cases and ~9.7 million cancer-related deaths occurred in 20221. These figures underscore cancer’s immense burden on public health, highlighting the critical need for effective prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies on a global scale. In the meantime, tumors are the leading cause of death after acute cardiovascular events2, emphasizing the critical need for enhanced management approaches. Early-stage tumor screening and surgical resection are the main interventions to reduce tumor mortality, with the latter being a primary therapeutic approach. Tumor resection relies on the surgeon’s experience and the outcomes of preoperative imaging diagnostics to guide decisionmaking. Complete tumor resection with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissues is crucial for reducing recurrence ratesand improving overall prognosis.\u003Cbr>Intraoperative imaging plays a pivotal role in guiding these procedures. Conventional imaging techniques, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and | positron emission tomography (PET), have been widely used for intraoperative guidance. But they often face limitations in resolution, real-time feedback, and tissue differentiation. Impacting the diagnosis and determination of tumor extent is crucial, yet many of these technologies are inconvenient for intraoperative manipulation. Moreover, conventional imaging tools are often cumbersome and impractical for dynamic intraoperative settings. Present shortcomings, such as limited spatial resolution, slow imaging speed, and shallow penetration depths,\u003Cbr>hinder their utility in achieving optimal surgical outcomes3, often recurrence4.\u003Cbr>Consequently, such cutting-edge imaging modalities are indispensable for the precise delineation oftumor margins, which is critical in facilitating targeted surgical pr","cbCaihsYo3DtFvMq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihsYo3DtFvMq","pdf",870526,11,"English","# Requirements and challenges in intraoperative navigation\n## Imaging strategies in tumor resection surgery\n### Fluorescence imaging: from general to targeted approaches","[{\"question\":\"Why are advanced intraoperative imaging techniques needed for tumor surgery?\",\"answer\":\"Conventional imaging often lacks sufficient resolution, real-time feedback, and clear tissue differentiation, making it difficult to determine tumor extent and margins during surgery. These limitations can hinder optimal surgical outcomes and increase recurrence risk.\"},{\"question\":\"How does fluorescence imaging improve intraoperative tumor detection?\",\"answer\":\"Fluorescence imaging offers superior tissue penetration, improved signal-to-noise ratio, and performance in surgical environments. Targeted molecular probes and advanced fluorescence approaches increase tumor specificity for real-time detection of tissues and lymph nodes.\"},{\"question\":\"What other imaging modalities complement fluorescence for intraoperative navigation?\",\"answer\":\"Modalities such as photoacoustic imaging and Raman spectroscopy provide complementary insights. Three-dimensional reconstruction and multimodal systems can also improve anatomical precision and support more accurate margin assessment.\"}]","Advanced imaging techniques for tumor intraoperative navigation imaging | PDF",1790100543,28]