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The combined use of intraoperative MRI, 3D tractography, and robotic guidance improves precision for tumor resection and deep brain stimulation, while augmented reality and AI-assisted visualization deliver adaptive intraoperative feedback. These systems can optimize resection margins and reduce neural injury, supported by evidence of better targeting and shorter operative times, though global adoption remains limited by cost, infrastructure, and training. Intraoperative verification further enhances safety and efficacy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/advanced-imaging-integration-in-robotic-neurosurgery-letter-to-the-editor/439898/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/advanced-imaging-integration-in-robotic-neurosurgery-letter-to-the-editor/439898.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Grenda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does advanced imaging integration improve robotic neurosurgery outcomes?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It enables real-time spatial verification by combining intraoperative MRI, CT, and tractography, which helps maintain optimal trajectories and reduces cortical disruption while improving safety and efficiency.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What roles do augmented reality and AI play in robotic neurosurgery?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Augmented reality overlays reconstructed 3D datasets onto the surgical field, and AI-assisted visualization provides adaptive intraoperative feedback to help surgeons refine planning and orientation.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why is global adoption of these hybrid robotic imaging systems uneven?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The document attributes disparities to cost, infrastructure constraints, and limited training, even though some countries demonstrate higher routine use and precision.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},439898,1790795168,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Letter to the Editor  \nAdvanced imaging integration in robotic neurosurgery  \nMuhammad Zaib, MDa , Muhammad Khizar, MDa , Fatima Ali, MBBSb , Atiqullah Omerzai, MDc , Hasibullah Aminpoor, MDd ,*  \nAbstract  \nAdvanced robotic platforms are reshaping neurosurgical practice through the integration of real-time, high-definition imaging. The synergy between intraoperative MRI, 3D tractography, and robotic guidance allows unparalleled precision in procedures such as tumor resection and deep brain stimulation. Augmented reality and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted visualization now provide surgeons with adaptive, intraoperative feedback, optimizing resection margins while minimizing neural injury. In countries such asthe United States, Germany, and Japan, these hybrid systems have demonstrated superior targeting accuracy and reduced operative time, marking a transition toward data-driven, patient-specific neurosurgery. Intraoperative verification of electrode placement and cortical mapping further enhances safety and efficacy. However, disparities in adoption persist globally due to cost, infrastructure, and training limitations. As robotic neurosurgery continues to evolve, transparent AI integration and equitable implementation will be vital. This letter highlights the clinical, technological, and global implications of advanced imaging integration in robotic neurosurgery and aligns with current international standards for transparency and innovation in surgical research. Keywords: imaging, neurology, neurosurgery, robotics, surgery  \nDear Editor,  \nNeurosurgical precision remains a core challenge in managing deep-seated or eloquent brain lesions. The integration of advanced imaging with robotic systems represents a transformative evolution, enabling surgeons to navigate complex neural structures with sub-millimetric accuracy. Combined intraoperative MRI, CT, and tractography mitigate human error by maintaining optimal trajectories and minimizing cortical disruption[1]. The fusion of these modalities allows real-time spatial verification, enhancing both safety and efficiency in tumor and functional neurosurgery[2].  \nRecent developments in augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted imaging have further elevated the capabilities of robotic neurosurgery. By overlaying reconstructed 3D MRI and CT datasets on the surgical field, AR-guided neuronavigation refines operative planning and intraoperative orientation[3] . Functional tractography, fused with robotic  \naFaculty of Medicine, Georgian American University, Tbilisi, Georgia, bFaculty of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, cFaculty of Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan and dFaculty of Medicine, Kabul University ofMedical Sciences “Abu Ali Ibn Sina”, Kabul, Afghanistan  \nSponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.  \n*Corresponding author. Address: Faculty of Medicine, Kabul University of Medical Sciences “Abu Ali Ibn Sina”, Ata Turk Avenue, Jamal Mena, 3rd District, Kabul 1001, Afghanistan. Tel.: +[93730097097. E-mail: hasibaminpoor786@gmail.com](93730097097. E-mail: hasibaminpoor786@gmail.com)[ ](93730097097. E-mail: hasibaminpoor786@gmail.com)(H. Aminpoor).  \nCopyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nAnnals of Medicine & Surgery (2026) 88:1094–1095  \nReceived 15 October 2025; Accepted 18 November 2025  \nPublished online 4 December 2025  \n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000004484](http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000004484)  \ntargeting, preserves critical white matter tracts during resections, reducing postoperative deficits. In hybrid operating s","cbCaiiEmr9RA911C","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiEmr9RA911C","pdf",171250,"English","# Letter to the Editor\n## Abstract\n## Main points and implications\n## Ethical approval","[{\"question\":\"How does advanced imaging integration improve robotic neurosurgery outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"It enables real-time spatial verification by combining intraoperative MRI, CT, and tractography, which helps maintain optimal trajectories and reduces cortical disruption while improving safety and efficiency.\"},{\"question\":\"What roles do augmented reality and AI play in robotic neurosurgery?\",\"answer\":\"Augmented reality overlays reconstructed 3D datasets onto the surgical field, and AI-assisted visualization provides adaptive intraoperative feedback to help surgeons refine planning and orientation.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is global adoption of these hybrid robotic imaging systems uneven?\",\"answer\":\"The document attributes disparities to cost, infrastructure constraints, and limited training, even though some countries demonstrate higher routine use and precision.\"}]","Advanced imaging integration in robotic neurosurgery - Letter to the Editor | PDF",1790690491]