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The material explains administrative agencies as a “fourth branch,” distinguishes public offices, and traces creation through constitutional, congressional, presidential, judicial, agency-initiated, and local government mechanisms. It further defines government bureaucracy and contrasts GOCC versus GI using corporate structure, ownership/control tests, creation authority, and effects on taxation, COA jurisdiction, and agency relationships, reinforced by recent jurisprudence examples.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/administrative-law-and-administrative-agencies-lecture-notes/510095/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/administrative-law-and-administrative-agencies-lecture-notes/510095.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"SundayMiles","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-05",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How is Administrative Law defined in these notes?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Administrative Law consists of the laws and policies that regulate or control the administrative organization and operations of government.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What powers characterize Administrative Agencies (AAs) in the notes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Administrative Agencies exercise some significant combination of executive, legislative, or judicial powers and are treated as public offices.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are the key differences between a GOCC and a GI?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"GOCCs are corporations created by law or under the Corporation Code and must meet twin constitutional tests, while GIs are agencies of the national government not integrated in the department framework, vested with special functions by law and not corporations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},510095,1791835647,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1099529839202,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","2014 to 2015 Cases  \nAdministrative Law and Administrative Agencies  \nAlberto C. Agra  \nAteneo Law School  \nOctober 27, 2016  \nAdministrative Law  \no Definition: All the laws and policies that regulate or control the administrative organization and operations of the government  \no Classifications:  \n1. Internal and External Administration  \n2. Law that Controls and those made by Administrative Agencies  \n3. Substantive or Procedural Administrative Law  \n4. General or Special Administrative Law  \nAdministrative Agencies (AAs)  \no An agency which exercises some significant form or combination of executive, legislative or judicial powers (“4th Branch”)  \no All AAs are Public Offices  \no Include boards, commissions, departments, bureaus, offices, authorities, government corporations, government instrumentalities, and local governments  \no Rationale: complex, diverse and specialized concerns  \nCreation of AAs  \no Constitution  \no Congress (Law; GOCCs– economically viable and common good; LGUs-plebiscite)  \no President (Executive Order; by authority under the Constitution or of law)  \no Supreme Court (determines classification)  \no Administrative Agencies themselves (Articles of Incorporation; by authority of law)  \no Local Governments (Ordinance; by authority of law)  \nGovernment Bureaucracy  \no Administrative Agency/ Government Agency  \no Government-Owned and – Controlled Corporation (original charter/ chartered)  \no GOCC (special charter/ non-chartered)  \no Government Instrumentality  \no Government Financial Institution  \no Public Corporation  \no Public Office  \no National Government Agency  \no Quasi-Corporation  \no Quasi-Public Corporation  \no Municipal Corporation Proper/ Local Government Unit  \no Quasi-Municipal Corporation  \nGOCC vs. GI  \nGOCC  \n1. Organized as stock or non-stock corporation  \n2. Public character of its function  \n3. Government ownership over the same  \n4. Created by law or under Corporation Code  \nGI  \n1. Agency of the national government  \n2. Not integrated within the department framework  \n3. Vested with special functions or jurisdiction by law  \n4. Endowed with some if not all corporate powers  \n5. Administering special funds  \n6. Enjoying operational autonomy, usually through a charter  \n7. Not a corporation  \n8. Neither stock nor non-stock  \n9. Created by law only (not under Corporation Code)  \nRecent Jurisprudence  \n\n| Entity | Characterization |\n| --- | --- |\n| Manila International Airport Authority | Created under an Executive Order\u003Cbr>GI; not a GOCC since neither stock nor non-stock |\n| Manila Economic and Cultural Office | Created under Corporation Code as non-stock corporation\u003Cbr>Not a GOCC (not owned by Government); Not a GI (since incorporated under Corporation Code) Sui Generis\u003Cbr>Funds subject to COA |\n| Boy Scouts of the Philippines | Created as corporation under Special Law (Commonwealth Act) Juridical person under Civil Code (other corporations with public purpose) Public function-vital role of the youth\u003Cbr>GOCC and GI – attached agency; need not meet twin test (economic viability and control/ ownership test) |\n| Veterans Federation of the Philippines | Created under RA 2640 and registered with the SEC\u003Cbr>“Public corporation” per Charter; Adjunct of government; Classified as GOCC to be privatized Sovereign function; Control and supervision of DND; DBM can in the future allocate funds |\n| Philippine Fisheries Development Authority | Created under PD 977 as amended by EO 772\u003Cbr>GI; not a GOCC (has capital stock, but not divided into shares) |\n| Leyte Metropolitan Water District | Created pursuant to PD 198\u003Cbr>GOCC with an original charter (since not under Corporation Code, not a private corporation) Quasi-Public under Charter |\n| Philippine Economic Zone Authority | GI since not integrated within the department framework but is an agency attached to the DTI |\n\nRules  \n1. All AAs are POs, not all POs are AAs (e.g. Congress, Courts)  \n2. All AAs are GAs, All GAs are AAs (under GCG Act)  \n3. All","cbCaihk0UTeQcChQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihk0UTeQcChQ","pdf",976994,37,"English","# Administrative Law\n## Definition and Classifications\n## Administrative Agencies (AAs)\n## Creation of Administrative Agencies\n## Government Bureaucracy\n## GOCC vs. GI Distinctions\n## Recent Jurisprudence\n## Rules and Distinction Impacts","[{\"question\":\"How is Administrative Law defined in these notes?\",\"answer\":\"Administrative Law consists of the laws and policies that regulate or control the administrative organization and operations of government.\"},{\"question\":\"What powers characterize Administrative Agencies (AAs) in the notes?\",\"answer\":\"Administrative Agencies exercise some significant combination of executive, legislative, or judicial powers and are treated as public offices.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key differences between a GOCC and a GI?\",\"answer\":\"GOCCs are corporations created by law or under the Corporation Code and must meet twin constitutional tests, while GIs are agencies of the national government not integrated in the department framework, vested with special functions by law and not corporations.\"}]","Administrative Law and Administrative Agencies - Lecture Notes | PDF",1791239022,93]