[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-584666-105":59,"doc-detail-584666-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","adding-up-the-extra-covid-19-funding-for-michigan-public-schools","Adding Up the Extra COVID-19 Funding for Michigan Public Schools","","Analyzes how Michigan K-12 public schools received and allocated extra federal and state COVID-19 relief funding under the CARES Act and related streams. Reviews enrollment and revenue trends, then breaks down CARES-related funding sources including ESSER allocations, Michigan Department of Education discretion via ESSER grants, and the Governor’s Emergency Education Relief fund, plus state legislative CRF support. Quantifies per-pupil impacts, notes spending timelines and eligibility conditions, and highlights wide district-to-district variation in funding levels.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/adding-up-the-extra-covid-19-funding-for-michigan-public-schools/584666/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/adding-up-the-extra-covid-19-funding-for-michigan-public-schools/584666.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Damian","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why did per-pupil revenues increase in Michigan public schools starting in 2014 despite earlier declines in enrollment?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Enrollment continued to decline, but local and state revenues for schools grew steadily from 2014 onward, driving per-pupil revenues to an inflation-adjusted high by the start of the COVID-19 pandemic period described in the text.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What flexibility did the CARES Act provide to school districts, and what testing requirement changed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Congress allowed broad flexibility for districts in how relief funds could be used, and the U.S. Department of Education waived the longstanding requirement that states conduct standardized testing as a condition for federal aid eligibility.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How much extra CARES-related revenue did Michigan public schools collect on average per student, and how did per-pupil amounts vary?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The document states Michigan public schools collected a combined $466 million, averaging $322 per student. It also reports substantial variation, ranging from $12 in specific districts up to $3,180 per student in Flint Community Schools.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},584666,1792162307,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},137451208677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","April 20 , 2021 S2021-01 ISBN: 978-1-942502-52-4  \nAdding Up the Extra COVID-19 Funding for Michigan Public Schools  \nBy Ben DeGrow  \nIntroduction  \nOver the past 15 years, student enrollment in Michigan public schools has steadily declined. K-12 per-pupil revenues also dipped slightly in the early 2010s as rebounding state revenues failed to grow fast enough to make up for the expiration of federal stimulus dollars following the Great Recession. Despite the continuing enrollment decline, starting in 2014, local and state revenues for schools grew steadily, putting per-pupil revenues at an inflation-adjusted high on the eve of the COVID-19 pandemic.1  \nThe governor’s April 2020 decision to extend the shutdown of school buildings through the remainder of the academic year came with a guarantee topreserve districts’2019-2020 funding levels, provided they met a few basic conditions. One condition was to continue paying all district employees, even if staff members needed to be redeployed to carry out plans for remote instruction and related services.2 But calls for additional funding increased.3 Education officials expressed fears about interruptions to schools’ state funding sources and anticipated extra expenses to reach students through internet-based distance instruction and to abide by added safety protocols to return to classrooms.  \nABOUT THE AUTHOR  \nBen DeGrow is director of education policy at the Mackinac Center.  \nFortunately for school officials, those fears proved tobe unwarranted. Federal and state efforts kept school districts fiscally whole for the remainder of 2019-2020, for the following 2020-2021 school year and potentially even beyond that. On average, totaling all extra funds resulting from COVID-19 funding relief efforts, public schools in Michigan will receive more than $4,600 extra per pupil. One perhaps unexpected result of the COVID-19 pandemic is that many Michigan schools will be funded at extraordinarily elevated levels.  \nBreaking Down the CARES Act  \nThe U.S. Congress approved three separate COVID relief packages that each included significant outlays for K-12 education. In March 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, provided an initial jolt of fiscal relief to the nation’s public schools. Federal policymakers gave broad flexibility to school districts on how the relief funds could be used. The U.S. Department of Education also waived the long-standing requirement that states conduct standardized testing tobe eligible for federal aid.  \nAs part of the CARES Act, Congress provided the state of Michigan $3.08 billion from the Coronavirus Relief Fund for a variety of expenditures deemed necessary asa result of the COVID-19 public health emergency.4 The Michigan Legislature provided districts with an  \nextra $256 million from the CRF that amounted to $175 per pupil.*  \nOn top of that, Michigan public schools received four streams of supplementary federal funding through the CARES Act, as follows:  \n1. Districts and charter schools across the state received shares of $350.5 million through the Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief fund, or ESSER.5 These dollars were distributed according to the Title I federal funding formula, which provides schools with funding based on how many low-income students they enroll. Historically larger school districts with the most low-income students receive the most money under this formula.  \n2. The Michigan Department of Education determined how some money from the CARES Act was spent, using discretion granted to it by the law. MDE issued an additional $37.4 million in ESSER grants to  \n328 districts and charter schools.6 Priority was given to schools that serve “highly disadvantaged student populations,” defined at those student populations where more than 85% are low-income or more than 20% have special needs or more than 10% are English language learners.7  \n3. The CARES Act designated another funding stream for emerge","cbCaigdrhwoj8RUf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigdrhwoj8RUf","pdf",373008,"English","# Introduction\n# ABOUT THE AUTHOR\n# Breaking Down the CARES Act","[{\"question\":\"Why did per-pupil revenues increase in Michigan public schools starting in 2014 despite earlier declines in enrollment?\",\"answer\":\"Enrollment continued to decline, but local and state revenues for schools grew steadily from 2014 onward, driving per-pupil revenues to an inflation-adjusted high by the start of the COVID-19 pandemic period described in the text.\"},{\"question\":\"What flexibility did the CARES Act provide to school districts, and what testing requirement changed?\",\"answer\":\"Congress allowed broad flexibility for districts in how relief funds could be used, and the U.S. Department of Education waived the longstanding requirement that states conduct standardized testing as a condition for federal aid eligibility.\"},{\"question\":\"How much extra CARES-related revenue did Michigan public schools collect on average per student, and how did per-pupil amounts vary?\",\"answer\":\"The document states Michigan public schools collected a combined $466 million, averaging $322 per student. It also reports substantial variation, ranging from $12 in specific districts up to $3,180 per student in Flint Community Schools.\"}]","Adding Up the Extra COVID-19 Funding for Michigan Public Schools | PDF",1792051745,23]